32 102. Moreover, the Court’s authority to monitor compliance with its judgments and the procedure adopted to this end, are also grounded in the constant and standard practice of the Court and in the resulting opinio juris communis of the States Parties to the Convention, with regard to whom the Court has issued various orders on compliance with judgment. The opinio juris communis means the expression of the universal juridical conscience70 through the observance, by most of the members of the international community, of a determined practice because it is obligatory.71 This opinio juris communis has been revealed because these States have shown a general and repeated attitude of accepting the monitoring function of the Court, which has been clearly and amply demonstrated by their presentation of the reports that the Court has asked for, and also their compliance with the decisions of the Court when giving them instructions or clarifying aspects on which there is a dispute between the parties regarding compliance with reparations.72 70 Cf. Juridical Status and Rights of Undocumented Migrants. Advisory Opinion OC-18/03 of September 17, 2003. Series A No. 18, Separate Opinion of Judge A.A. Cançado Trindade, para. 81. 71 Cf. Legality of the Threat or Use of Nuclear Weapons, Advisory Opinion, I.C.J. Reports 1996, paras. 71 and 73; North Sea Continental Shelf, Judgment, I.C.J. Reports 1969, paras. 73, 74, 76, 77 and 78; and Haya de la Torre case, Order of January 3rd, 1951: I.C.J. Reports 1951, p. 131. 72 Cf. inter alia, Velásquez Rodríguez case. Compliance with judgment. Order of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights of September 10, 1996; Godínez Cruz case. Compliance with judgment. Order of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights of September 10, 1996; Gangaram Panday case. Compliance with judgment. Order of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights of February 4, 1997; Aloeboetoe et al. case. Compliance with judgment. Order of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights of February 5, 1997; Genie Lacayo case. Compliance with judgment. Order of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights of August 29, 1998; Neira Alegría et al. case. Compliance with judgment. Order of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights of August 29, 1998; Gangaram Panday case. Compliance with judgment. Order of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights of November 27, 1998; Loayza Tamayo case. Compliance with judgment. Order of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights of November 17, 1999; Castillo Petruzzi et al. case. Compliance with judgment. Order of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights of November 17, 1999; El Amparo case. Compliance with judgment. Order of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights of November 20, 2000; Garrido and Baigorria case. Compliance with judgment. Order of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights of November 20, 2000; Castillo Paéz, Loayza Tamayo, Castillo Petruzzi et al., Ivcher Bronstein and the Constitutional Court cases. Compliance with judgment. Order of the InterAmerican Court of Human Rights of June 1, 2001; Caballero Delgado and Santana case. Compliance with judgment. Order of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights of December 4, 2001; Suárez Rosero case. Compliance with judgment. Order of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights of December 4, 2001; Durand and Ugarte case. Compliance with judgment. Order of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights of June 13, 2002; Baena Ricardo et al. case. Compliance with judgment. Order of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights of June 21, 2002; Baena Ricardo et al. case. Compliance with judgment. Order of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights of November 22, 2002; Barrios Altos case. Compliance with judgment. Order of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights of November 22, 2002; Benavides Cevallos case. Compliance with judgment. Order of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights of November 27, 2002; Blake case. Compliance with judgment. Order of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights of November 27, 2002; Caballero Delgado and Santana case. Compliance with judgment. Order of the InterAmerican Court of Human Rights of November 27, 2002; Durand and Ugarte case. Compliance with judgment. Order of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights of November 27, 2002; Garrido and Baigorria case. Compliance with judgment. Order of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights of November 27, 2002; Loayza Tamayo case. Compliance with judgment. Order of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights of November 27, 2002; Castillo Paéz case. Compliance with judgment. Order of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights of November 27, 2002; El Amparo case. Compliance with judgment. Order of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights of November 28, 2002; Neira Alegría et al. case. Compliance with judgment. Order of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights of November 28, 2002; “The Last Temptation of Christ” case (Olmedo Bustos et al.). Compliance with judgment. Order of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights of November 28, 2002; Benavides Cevallos case. Compliance with judgment. Order of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights of September 9, 2003; Suárez Rosero case. Compliance with judgment. Order of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights of November 27, 2003; Caballero Delgado and Santana case. Compliance with judgment. Order of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights of November 27, 2003; Garrido and Baigorria case. Compliance with judgment. Order of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights of November 27, 2003; Blake case. Compliance with judgment. Order of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights of November 27, 2003; Benavides Cevallos case. Compliance with judgment. Order of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights of November 27, 2003;

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