96 163. In this section, the Court will determine those measures of satisfaction that seek to repair non-pecuniary damage, which does not have a pecuniary scope, and will also order measures of a public scope or repercussion (supra para. 156). (a) Obligation to investigate the facts that gave rise to the violations in the instant case, and identify, prosecute and punish those responsible 164. The State is obliged to combat the situation of impunity that reigns in this case by all possible means, because impunity fosters the chronic repetition of human rights violations and the total defenselessness of the victims and their next of kin,103 who have the right to know the truth about the facts.104 When this right to the truth is recognized and exercised in a specific situation, it constitutes an important measure of reparation, and is a reasonable expectation of the victims that the State must satisfy.105 165. The Court also recalls that the victims’ next of kin have the right, and the States the obligation, to ensure that what happened to the victims is investigated effectively by the State authorities, proceedings are filed against those allegedly responsible for the illegal acts and, if applicable, pertinent penalties are imposed on them.106 Consequently, the State must take the necessary measures forthwith to activate and conclude effectively, within a reasonable time, the investigation to determine the identity of the masterminds and perpetrators of the acts committed to the detriment of Agustín Goiburú Giménez, Carlos José Mancuello Bareiro, and Rodolfo and Benjamín Ramírez Villalba; and must complete the criminal proceedings that have been instituted. To this end, it must remove all the de facto and de jure obstacles that maintain impunity and use all available means to expedite the investigation and the respective proceedings and thus avoid a repetition of such serious acts as those examined in the instant case. The State must provide the Court with information on the measures adopted in this respect every six months and, in particular about the results. Furthermore, these results must be publicized by the State so that Paraguayan society may know the truth about the facts of this case. 166. In particular, as indicated above (supra paras. 123 to 132), in the terms of the general obligation to ensure rights established in Article 1(1) of the American Convention, Paraguay should adopt all the necessary diplomatic and judicial measures to prosecute and punish all those responsible for the violations committed, furthering the extradition requests that are admissible under domestic law or the pertinent international law by all possible means. Also, to ensure the effectiveness of the collective guarantee mechanisms established in the Convention, and as has been declared, Paraguay and the other States Parties to the Convention should collaborate with each other to eliminate the impunity of the violations committed in this case by the prosecution and punishment of those responsible, and should collaborate with 103 Cf. Case of the Ituango Massacres, supra note 1, para. 399; Case of Baldeón García, supra note 6, para. 195, and Case of the Pueblo Bello Massacre, supra note 5, para. 266. 104 Cf. Case of Ximenes Lopes, supra note 8, para. 245; Case of the Pueblo Bello Massacre, supra note 5, para. 266, and Case of Gómez Palomino, supra note 5, para. 76. 105 Cf. Case of the Pueblo Bello Massacre, supra note 5, para. 266; Blanco Romero et al. case, supra note 92, para. 95, and Case of the “Mapiripán Massacre”, supra note 2, para. 297. 106 Cf. Case of Ximenes Lopes, supra note 8, para. 246; Case of Baldeón García, supra note 6, para. 197, and Case of the Pueblo Bello Massacre, supra note 5, para. 219.