there was “an acute problem of police abuse in various states, including the state of Aragua.”10 Regarding the general scope of said context, the Court determined in the case of Uzcátegui et al v. Venezuela, pertaining to events occurring in 2001, that at that time “extrajudicial killings and other abuses were committed in the State by the police, particularly by the state and local police forces.”11 28. The determination about the existence of said context and the characterization of the issue in the aforementioned cases was examined by both the Commission and the Court, taking into account, inter alia, reports of state authorities12 and international13 and national14 non-governmental organizations. The timeframe of said sources encompasses the alleged facts in the instant case. 29. Likewise, in several of his reports, the United Nations Special Rapporteur on Extrajudicial, Summary and Arbitrary Executions has issued an alert due to complaints of extrajudicial executions at the hands of security agents that are committed in Venezuela, and the threats received by family members of victims to keep them from reporting the crimes.15 Furthermore, in its final conclusions on Venezuela of April 26, 2001, the United Nations Human Rights Committee expressed its serious concern about “numerous reports of extrajudicial executions and the lack of response to them by the State.”16 B. The Díaz Loreto Family 30. David Octavio Díaz Loreto was born on August 2, 1979, and Robert Ignacio Díaz Loreto was born on March 4, 1981. Both of the boys were the sons of Octavio Ignacio Díaz Álvarez and Juana Emilia Loreto Pérez.17 At the time of the events of the case, the family resided in Sector 01, vereda 40, No. 05, Urbanización La Segundera, Cagua, State of Aragua.18 10 See: IA Court of HR. Landaeta Mejías Brothers et al v. Venezuela. Preliminary Objections, Merits, Reparations and Costs. Judgment of August 27, 2014. Series C No. 281, para. 55. 11 para. 35. IA Court of HR. Case of Uscátegui et al v. Venezuela. Merits and Reparations. Judgment of September 3, 2012. Series C No. 249, 12 Annex 2. Office of the Ombudsman of the People of Venezuela. Report: Ajusticiamientos y Desapariciones Forzadas [‘Executions and forced disappearances’]. Annual Report 2001. Available in Spanish only at: http://www.defensoria.gob.ve/lista.asp?sec=1404080002; 2001 Annual Report of the Office of the Ombudsman of the People of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela; 2003 Annual Report of the Office of the Ombudsman of the People of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela; 2006 Annual Report of the Office of the Ombudsman of the People; Speech of the Attorney General of the Republic on the occasion of the submission of the Annual Report of Administration of 2005. April 25, 2006; National Commission for Police Reform (CONAREPOL). Características de la Policía Venezolana [‘Profile of the Venezuelan Police’] 2007 Annual Report of the Attorney General of the Republic. 13Amnesty International. Venezuela. LA PROTECCIÓN DE LOS DERECHOS HUMANOS. UNA TAREA INCONCLUSA [‘HUMAN RIGHTS PROTECTION. UNFINISHED BUSINESS’] http://www.amnesty.org/es/library/asset/AMR53/008/2000/es/2f84ad73-de1011dd-a3e1-93acb0aa12d8/amr530082000es.html; Amnesty International Annual Report. http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/country,COI,AMNESTY,ANNUALREPORT,VEN,,483e27bd3c,0.html Human Rights Watch http://www.hrw.org/es/world-report-2010/venezuela-0 14 See: PROVEA. Annual Reports available at: https://www.derechos.org.ve/; Annex 1. COFAVIC/Los grupos parapoliciales en Venezuela, 2005, pgs. 28-33. Available at: https://issuu.com/ddhhcofavic/docs/grupos_parapoliciales_en_vzla_cofavic; Annex 3. Balance de la Situación de los Derechos Humanos en el Estado Aragua entre julio de 1996 y marzo de 2003 [‘Taking stock of the Situation of Human Rights in the State of Aragua from July 1996 to March 2003’], authored by the Commission on Human Rights, Justice and Peace of the State of Aragua. Comisión de Derechos Humanos, Justicia y Paz del Estado Aragua; and Annex 2. Report written by the National Commission for Police Reform (CONAREPOL). Características de la Policía Venezolana [‘Profile of the Venezuelan Police’]. 2007. Citing: See: IA Court of HR. Landaeta Mejías Brothers et al v. Venezuela. Preliminary Objections, Merits, Reparations and Costs. Judgment of August 27, 2014. Series C No. 281, paras. 47-55. 15 United Nations Special Rapporteur on Extrajudicial, Summary and Arbitrary Executions. Reports to the Human Rights Commission: E-CN.4-1994-7; E/CN.4/1998/68/Add.1; E/CN.4/1999/39/Add.1; E/CN.4/2001/9/Add.1; E/CN.4/2003/3/Add.1; E/CN.4/2004/7/Add.1. Reports to the United Nations General Assembly, see: A/55/288, of August 11, 2000. Available at: http://daccessdds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N00/604/84/PDF/N0060484.pdf?OpenElement. 16 See: http://www.acnur.org/biblioteca/pdf/1373.pdf Annex 4. Certified copy of the birth certificate of David Octavio Díaz Loreto, issued by the Civil Registry of the Municipality of Libertador Capital Palo Negro of the State of Aragua, on November 15, 2005. Annex to initial petition of March 14, 2007; and Annex 5. [continues …] 17 6