31 Valladares, which established that Bámaca Velásquez had given false information to the Army, which had led it into an ambush, and that was why he had been executed. The documents that she obtained from US agencies contained information on clandestine prisons in Guatemala, where different types of torture were used in order to make prisoners work as informers for the G-2. These documents established that there were between 340 and 360 former ORPA combatants under the control of the Army. Another file contained three theories about the fate of Bámaca Velásquez: that he was buried under the Las Cabañas military base; that he had been taken up in a helicopter and thrown into the sea and, finally, that he had been taken to the capital, tortured for a long time, and then strangled and “cut into pieces.” In her opinion, it was impossible that Efraín Bámaca Velásquez would have given himself up voluntarily to the Army, and this opinion was reinforced in view of the torture to which he had been submitted. She used Guatemalan legal recourses to find her husband. Her first action was to file a petition for habeas corpus in February 1993; she had not done so previously because she believed that her husband was dead. This petition did not achieve any results; however, as a consequence, she obtained a note from the President of the Supreme Court of Justice, which said that this recourse was inadequate for conducting an effective investigation. When she was able to see the file of the investigation being conducted in Retalhuleu, she observed that it was a small file, without photographs or evidence from the scene of the crime, and with contradictory descriptions of the body buried as XX in 1992. Owing to the steps taken by the US senator, Robert Torricelli, Julio Arango was appointed special prosecutor for the case. Among the actions that the latter took was an interview with Santiago Cabrera López, and also with a member of the G-2, Nery Ángel Urízar García, who stated that the Retalhuleu corpse was that of Cristóbal Che Pérez, a young soldier who was killed to simulate that he was Bámaca Velásquez. A proceedings was also initiated under the military justice system against several of the members of the armed forces mentioned by Cabrera, including Colonel Alpírez. Based on an action for jactitation filed by Acisclo Valladares, the Guatemalan authorities issued a writ of ne exeat against her in order to prevent her from leaving the country. In 1997, Valladares also filed another action for jactitation when she was about to declare before the Commission for Historical Clarification. She received information from the United States Ambassador about the possibility that Bámaca Velásquez was buried in a military based called Las Cabañas. Accordingly, in 1995, they visited the site and then began measures to conduct an exhumation. However this was cancelled by the prosecutor Ramsés Cuestas, who subsequently changed his position and said that the procedure would be delayed, but not cancelled. On the day that it was to take place, a soldier, accompanied by Julio Cintrón Gálvez, told her that “they [could] not enter” the installations, firstly because the prosecutor, Arango, had been “impugned”, and secondly, owing to the presence of the witness.

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