13
45.
The representatives alleged that, when the petition was submitted to the
Commission, the investigation had already been underway for four years, although the Code
of Criminal Procedure established that this procedure should be concluded within 30 days,
with the possibility of obtaining a 30-day extension of this period. Even taking into account
the need to take measures in different cities, the Police Investigation had lasted more than
40 months, without making any significant progress, which proves that there was an
unjustified delay. In relation to the closure of the Police Investigation, they stated that the
Public Prosecutor’s Office had been negligent in its handling of the clear indications of
authorship in the case file. In a final intent, they filed a mandado de segurança against the
order closing the investigation, but this was denied by the Court of Justice of the state de
Paraná. Based on the above, they asked the Court not to admit the preliminary objection.
*
*
*
46.
The Court has developed criteria for examining an objection concerning failure to
comply with the rule of the exhaustion of domestic remedies.27 With regard to the formal
aspects, given that this objection is a defense available to the State, procedural issues must
be verified, such as the procedural moment at which the objection was filed; the facts about
which it was filed, and whether the interested party has indicated that the admissibility
decision was based on erroneous information or on an aspect that infringed the right to
defense. Regarding the material presumptions, the Court examines whether domestic
remedies were filed and exhausted in keeping with generally recognized principles of
international law and, particularly, whether the State filing the objection specified the
domestic remedies that were not exhausted. Furthermore, the State must demonstrate that
those remedies were available and were adequate, appropriate and effective. Since this
question relates to the admissibility of a petition before the inter-American system, the all
aspects of this rule must be verified, even though the analysis of the formal premises
prevails over those of a material nature and, at certain times, the latter may be related to
the merits of the case.28
47.
From the case file before the Inter-American Commission, the Court observes that, in
a note of February 5, 2004, the Commission asked the State, for the first time, to present
information on the petition within two months and informed it that this did not prejudge the
decision on admissibility, pursuant to Article 30(2) and 30(3) of the Commission’s Rules of
Procedure. On October 12, 2004, the representatives advised the Commission that on May
18, 2004, the competent judge of the Comarca of Loanda had decided that Police
Investigation No. 179/98 opened for the death of Sétimo Garibaldi, should be closed. In
view of the State’s lack of response, in a note of December 20, 2004, the Commission
advised the State that it had opened the case and that it would postpone consideration of
the admissibility of the petition until the discussion and decision on merits, as established in
Article 37(3) of its Rules of Procedure. On June 6, 2005, the representatives presented their
additional observations on merits. In a note of August 5, 2005, in application of Article
38(1) of its Rules of Procedure, the Inter-American Commission asked the State to forward
its observations on the merits of the case within two months. On June 6, 2006, the State
presented its answer to the Inter-American Commission and alleged, among other matters,
the failure to exhaust domestic remedies.
48.
The Court observes that the State filed this preliminary objection before the
Commission two years and four months after it had first been asked to submit information
27
Cf. Case of Velásquez Rodríguez, supra note 19, para. 88; Case of Escher et al., supra note 9, para. 28, and
Case of Perozo et al., supra note 14, para. 42.
28
Cf. Case of Velásquez Rodríguez, supra note 19, para. 91; Case of Escher et al., supra note 9, para. 28, and
Case of Perozo et al., supra note 14, para. 42.