rights, and subsequently their lawyers were made aware that at any time they could request
the extension of the investigation of the accused, and they did not do so. 439
319. In this regard, this Court considers that the domestic courts based their conclusions
on each of the appellants’ arguments.
B.2.7. Conclusion
320. In view of the foregoing, the Court finds no grounds to declare a violation of Article
8(2) (h) in relation to Article 8(1) of the American Convention with respect to Luis Archbold
Jay and Enrique Floyd Archbold Jay, since each of the claims filed by them throughout the
appeals for cassation and review were addressed by the Costa Rican courts that heard them
through reasoned decisions.
B.3. Regarding Jorge Martinez Meléndez (Group 4)
File No. 03-000082-016-TP (conviction for 12 counts of embezzlement as a continuous crime)
B.3.1. Cassation appeals
321. On July 17, 2007, the Criminal Court of the First Judicial Circuit of San José convicted
Jorge Martínez Meléndez of twelve counts of embezzlement of public funds as an ongoing or
continuous crime. 440 Mr. Martínez and his public defender each filed a cassation appeal against
that judgment. The Third Chamber declared both appeals inadmissible in decision No. 20080232 of March 11, 2008. 441
322. The public defender of Mr. Martínez Meléndez argued seven reasons defined by the
Third Chamber as matters “of form”: i) violation of due process due to the inclusion and
assessment of spurious evidence or evidence in violation of banking secrecy; 442 ii) lack of
grounds for declaring the illegality of the alternative method of payment; 443 iii) violation of
439
Cf. Decision No. 2009-0251 of the Court of Criminal Cassation of Cartago, of August 25, 2010, (evidence
file, folio 1997).
440
Cf. Judgment No. 680-2007 of the Criminal Court of the First Judicial Circuit of San José, of July 17, 2007
(evidence file, folio 35361).
441
Cf. Decision No. 2008-00232 of the Third Chamber of the Supreme Court of Justice, of March 11, 2008
(evidence file, folio 33874).
442
i) According to the appellant, the violation occurred “because the legal requirements for the seizure and
confiscation of checks were not observed, and the handover of checks by the bank was in breach of banking
secrecy […].”The Third Chamber stated: “As indicated in the ruling, although the surrender of the checks was
based on a judicial authorization that is questionable, since it does not have the name of the Criminal Judge who
signed the request, nor any justification, […] when the owners of those checks allowed the Court and the parties
to become aware of them, they thereby lifted the bank secrecy, and it is valid for this evidence to be analyzed
and used for the purposes of the judgment. The initial defect pointed out by the appellant was rectified […].These
authorizations are derived from the witness statements […]” Cf. Decision No. 2008-00232 of the Third Chamber
of the Supreme Court of Justice, of March 11, 2008, (evidence file, folio 33936).
443
ii) According to the appellant, “In its conclusions, the defense presented and evidentiary elements that
proved the existence of the legal permit that at that time authorized the transfer of FODESAF resources to the
associations. However, the judges omitted any consideration in this regard [...].” The Third Chamber stated that
“[it] does not agree [...] with the interpretations of the above rules made by the defense, especially since it is
certain that the unlawful approval occurred, thanks to the actions of the accused Jorge Martínez [...], as well as
his way of proposing and implementing the alternative method of payment, which finally led the Social
Compensation Commission to be deceived. This Chamber also notes that, regardless of the legal or illegal nature
of the alternative method of payment, […] the funds were diverted under a scheme conceived and created by the
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