TABLE OF CONTENTS I INTRODUCTION OF THE CASE AND CAUSE OF ACTION ............................................... 4 II PROCEEDINGS BEFORE THE COURT .......................................................................... 5 III JURISDICTION ........................................................................................................ 6 IV PRELIMINARY OBJECTIONS ..................................................................................... 6 A. OBJECTION OF LACK OF EXHAUSTION OF DOMESTIC REMEDIES ................................... 7 A.1. Arguments of the State and observations by the Commission and the representative .................................... 7 A.2. Considerations of the Court .............................................................................................................................. 7 B. OBJECTION OF FOURTH INSTANCE .................................................................................... 8 B.1. Arguments of the State and observations by the Commission and the representative 8 B.2. Considerations of the Court .............................................................................................................................. 8 C. OBSERVATIONS REGARDING THE INCLUSION OF ARTICLE 25 OF THE AMERICAN CONVENTION IN THE COMMISSION’S REPORT ON THE MERITS................................................................................... 9 C.1. Arguments of the State and observations by the Commission and the representative.................................... 9 C.2. Considerations of the Court .............................................................................................................................. 9 V EVIDENCE ................................................................................................................ 10 A. ADMISSIBILITY OF THE EVIDENCE ................................................................................... 10 A.1. Admissibility of documentary evidence .......................................................................................................... 10 A.2. Admissibility of testimonial and expert evidence ........................................................................................... 11 VI PRELIMINARY CONSIDERATION ............................................................................ 11 VII FACTS ................................................................................................................... 12 A. REGARDING THE ALLEGED VICTIM AND BACKGROUND OF THE PROCEEDINGS AGAINST HIM ................. 12 B. INVESTIGATION BY THE INSPECTORATE OF THE LEONCIO PRADO DETACHMENT .............................. 13 C. MILITARY DISCIPLINARY PROCEEDINGS ............................................................................ 14 D. ORDINARY CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS ................................................................................ 15 E. MILITARY CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS ................................................................................. 17 VIII MERITS ............................................................................................................... 20 VIII.1 PRINCIPLE OF NE BIS IN IDEM REGARDING THE PROCEEDINGS AGAINST THE ALLEGED VICTIM (ARTICLE 8(4) OF THE CONVENTION IN RELATION TO ARTICLE 1(1) THEREOF) ................................................................................................................... 21 A. ARGUMENTS OF THE COMMISSION AND THE PARTIES ............................................................ 21 B. CONSIDERATIONS OF THE COURT ................................................................................... 22 B.1. Criminal proceedings and military disciplinary proceedings .......................................................................... 26 B.1.1 Ordinary criminal proceedings and military disciplinary proceedings ................... 26 B.1.2 Military criminal proceedings and military disciplinary proceedings ..................... 28 C. CONCLUSION .......................................................................................................... 28 VIII.2 RIGHT TO RECEIVE PRIOR NOTIFICATION IN DETAIL OF THE CHARGES AGAINST HIM, RIGHT TO DEFEND ONESELF AND RIGHT TO BE INFORMED OF THE REASONS FOR DETENTION (ARTICLES 1(1), 8(2)(B) AND 8(2)(C) OF THE AMERICAN CONVENTION) IN THE THREE PROCEEDINGS .......................................................................................... 28 A. ARGUMENTS OF THE COMMISSION AND THE PARTIES ............................................................ 29 B. CONSIDERATIONS OF THE COURT ................................................................................... 29 B.1. Regarding the investigation by the Inspectorate of the Leoncio Prado Detachment and the ordinary criminal proceedings ................................................................................................................................................................. 30 B.2. Regarding the military criminal proceedings .................................................................................................. 31 C. CONCLUSION .......................................................................................................... 32 VIII.3 RIGHT TO JUDICIAL GUARANTEES AND RIGHT TO FREEDOM FROM EX POST FACTO LAWS (ARTICLES 1(1), 8(1), 8(2) AND 9 OF THE AMERICAN CONVENTION) ... 32 A. MILITARY DISCIPLINARY PROCEEDINGS: ALLEGED VIOLATION OF THE RIGHT TO BE ASSISTED BY LEGAL COUNSEL, RIGHT TO DEFEND ONESELF, RIGHT TO A HEARING, RIGHT TO THE PRESUMPTION OF INNOCENCE AND RIGHT TO ADEQUATE GROUNDS ........................................................................................... 32 A.1. Arguments of the Commission and the parties .............................................................................................. 32 2