56 other human rights violations.” 195 Likewise, the psychologist Nieves Gómez Dupuis in her report of May 5, 2010, stated that “[t]he victims and family members point out that certain people in the municipal environment are responsible; however, they do not feel confident enough to identify the perpetrators who live in the surrounding communities and who also participated in the betrayal and destruction of the community. The denunciation of these people is shrouded in silence, however, what they do insist on is that they are forced to confront them in collective municipal spaces.” 196 181. The Court also notes that the plots belonging to members of Chichupac village and neighboring communities have been occupied without the consent of their previous occupants and original owners, or were sold out of necessity. Moreover, in some cases the documents proving possession of their lands and material goods were stolen or destroyed when their homes were burned down, preventing them from claiming their property. 197 182. In view of the foregoing, the Court understands that at present, community members who wish to return to their lands find it materially impossible to do so, which is why they been forced to continue in a situation of displacement. Therefore, the freedom of movement and residence of members of Chichupac village and neighboring communities of the municipality of Rabinal who were displaced is still limited by de facto restrictions. B.2. Absence of measures adopted by the State to reverse the effects of displacement 183. First of all, the Court notes that at least on January 17, 1997, October 25, 2000, November 15, 2002, July 12 and 27 and August 16, 2005, and April 7 and June 6, 2006, 198 the persecution suffered by the communities and the displacement of their inhabitants to the mountains and other places in the area in order to save their lives, was reported to the Public Prosecutor’s Office. Some of these complaints provided the names of the persons who allegedly collaborated with the National Army at that time, and reported that they were still living in the neighboring communities of Rabinal (supra paras. 94 and 95 and infra para. 222, 227, 228, 234 and 254). Likewise, on April 27 and June 28, 1999, the Public Prosecutor’s Office was informed that former members of the State security forces who had allegedly participated in the events of January 8, 1982, were still stealing, raping women, killing people in the area and threatening the inhabitants of Chichupac village, and the names of these individuals were provided (infra para. 222). However, there is no evidence that Guatemala has implemented an effective investigation of the violence and displacement suffered by members of Chichupac village and neighboring communities, especially with regard to the allegation that those responsible for the violence continue to live in the neighboring communities of Rabinal. Nor was there any investigation into allegations that in 1999, some of the alleged perpetrators continued to steal, Cf. Written report of the expert witness Luis Raúl Francisco Salvadó Cardoza presented during the public hearing held on April 28, 2016 (evidence file, folios 11674 to 11676), and expert opinion of Luis Raúl Francisco Salvadó Cardoza presented before the Inter-American Court during the public hearing on April 28, 2016. 196 Cf. Report on the harm to mental (moral) health prepared by the psychologist Nieves Gómez Dupuis on May 5, 2010, and presented to the Inter-American Commission (evidence file, folios 1319 and 1322). 197 In this regard, the expert witness Salvadó Cardoza indicated that, “his previous plot had been occupied by other persons of the same community”, including by “people who in bad faith took advantage and are occupying their land” or “their crop fields are being used […] by close relatives”. Thus, “many of them visit or have visited the village or hamlet that they were forced to leave, but no longer occupy their old parcel because local people have taken possession of it or because a close relative is using it and they are in agreement with it.” Likewise, some “who needed money [have] sold their land […] for whatever they were offered.” Cf. Report of the expert witness Luis Raúl Francisco Salvadó Cardoza presented during the public hearing held on April 28, 2016 (evidence file, folios 11674 to 11676), and expert opinion of Luis Raúl Francisco Salvadó Cardoza presented to the Inter-American Court during the public hearing on April 28, 2016. The expert witness Dupuis also stated that “the women were forced to abandon their lands or sell them at very low prices in order to obtain some income to support their families. Cf. Report on the damage to mental (moral) health prepared by the psychologist Nieves Gómez Dupuis on May 5, 2010 and presented to the Inter-American Commission(evidence file, folios 1319 and 1322). 198 Cf. Complaint of June 6, 2006, filed by Miguel Chen Tahuico before the Municipal Prosecutor's Office of Rabinal, Baja Verapaz. (evidence file, folios 1564 and 1565) 195

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