90.
Meanwhile, this Court is aware of criminal proceeding No. 6441/09, initiated by the
Public Prosecutor's Office and tried at the Eighth Magistrate's Court on Precautionary Criminal
Matters, which was opened for the facts related to the forced disappearance of Renato Ticona
Estrada 138 and which included the investigation of the forced disappearance of Juan Carlos
Flores Bedregal. The Commission and the representatives mentioned this procedure, but did
not present specific allegations regarding the alleged violations of Articles 8 and 25 of the
American Convention. Based on this, the Court shall not make any pronouncement on the
aforementioned procedure.
A. Arguments of the Commission and the parties
A.1. Due diligence and reasonable time
91.
The Commission pointed out that the State failed to initiate an ex officio
investigation 139 and that 19 years elapsed from the seizure of the COB facilities until the
initiation of the ordinary criminal proceedings under analysis, and that this process did not
clarify what happened to Juan Carlos Flores Bedregal. It also indicated that serious obstacles
were verified in the process, including irregularities, false testimonies about the alleged
removal of the body, cover-up, and a "pact of silence" by the Armed Forces and the police,
which constitute the violation of the State's duty of due diligence. Regarding the
reasonableness of the period of time, he argued that, although the context in which the events
occurred made investigations difficult, the national authorities themselves have recognized
the delay, especially in the ordinary criminal proceedings initiated in 1999 and completed in
2010. At the time the case was submitted to the Court, more than 38 years had elapsed since
the disappearance, with no knowledge of the victim's whereabouts. In addition, the
Commission noted that only one of the three persons sentenced "to long-term sentences" in
the ordinary criminal proceedings (30 years in prison for the crime of murder in the degree
of complicity) served an effective sentence of imprisonment, and the other accused served
shorter-term sentences. It concluded that the State violated the rights to judicial guarantees
and judicial protection, established in Articles 8(1) and 25(1) of the American Convention, in
relation to Articles 1(1) and 2 of the same instrument, as well as Articles I(b) and III of the
ICPPT, to the detriment of Mr. Flores Bedregal and his family members.
92.
The representative, as well as the Commission, alleged a series of violations of duties
by the State related to judicial guarantees and judicial protection of the alleged victims in
ordinary criminal proceedings, including: i) the obligation to initiate an ex officio investigation
of the forced disappearance of Mr. Flores Bedregal; ii) the obligation to carry out a serious,
diligent, and exhaustive investigation, since the ordinary criminal proceedings suffered a
series of irregularities; iii) proportionality in the imposed sentences and the obligation to
execute the condemnatory judgment because Franz Pizarro Solano was declared a rebel and
there is no information on state efforts to bring him to justice to serve his sentence, José Luis
Ormachea is registered as deceased "without having real evidence that this is true,," and
Felipe Froilán Molina was captured 6 years after the sentence was finalized, constituting a
mechanism of impunity, and iv) the obligation to guarantee a reasonable period of time in
the investigations, since the conduct of the judicial body and lack of due diligence, procedural
inactivity, and lack of momentum caused excessive delays in the criminal proceeding.
138
Cf. Informational document on the initiation of an investigation by the Public Prosecutor's Office, addressed
to the investigating judge on duty in criminal matters, dated July 27, 2009 (case file of evidence, p. 7570).
139
The Commission argued this both for the cumulative Suits for Damages pursued by the Public Ministry and
its interveners against former de facto President Luis García Meza Tejada and his collaborators and for the ordinary
criminal proceedings.
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