properly regulate applicable penalties so that they comply with the principle of legality; iii) allow judges to appeal to a higher authority in any sanction process, so that they can be ensured a second review of any penalty imposed against them, and to have judicial recourse for potential violations to due process; and iv) adopt the necessary measures to ensure that the authorities in charge of proceedings to sanction judges provide reasons for their decisions in a manner compatible with the American Convention, in keeping with the terms analyzed in this report. 20