B.1.5) The psychological appraisals of the presumed victims and the reports 391. According to the expert opinion presented to this Court by the psychologist Ana Deutsch, both Orlando Quijano and José Vicente Rubiano Galvis revealed symptoms of posttraumatic stress. Specifically, in the case of Mr. Quijano, expert witness Deutsch indicated that “[t]he symptoms of post-traumatic stress appeared immediately [after] the events of [the Palace of Justice] and continue up until today,” and he also revealed psychosocial symptoms such as the “breakdown of the social fabric” and the “loss of confidence in the State and its officials.” According to this expert witness, Mr. Quijano was subjected to physical and mental torture, inter alia, due to the position in which he was obliged to remain in the Casa del Florero, the deprivation of water and food, the isolation in the dark room, and the systematic interrogations during which he was accused of being a guerrilla. 597 392. In the case of José Vicente Rubiano Galvis, expert witness Deutsch specified that he reveals numerous symptoms of post-traumatic stress and that “[t]here is a significant relationship” between “the acts of violence that he suffered, as narrated by the patient, and the findings in the psychological appraisal.” 598 According to this expert witness, Mr. Rubiano Galvis was subjected to physical and mental torture, inter alia, due to the kicks to his chest and shins, punches in the face, and also the sexual violence on his genitals owing to the application of electric shocks to the abdomen and genitals, the deprivation of water and food, the isolation in a dark room, and the systematic interrogations during which he was accused of being a member of the guerrilla. 599 Furthermore, the Court emphasizes that 597 According to expert witness Ana Deutsch, Orlando Quijano was subjected to the following types of physical torture: “[t]orture by position [because,] in the Casa del Florero, he was made to stand with his hands on his head facing the wall for hours, to prevent him from seeing his attackers.” Meanwhile, she identified the following types of mental torture: “[e]xhaustion due to being deprived of water and food; impossibility of performing his physiological necessities; isolation by being confined in a dark damp basement; deprivation of normal sensorial stimulation; subjection to total darkness, affecting sensorial perception; application of psychological techniques to break the individual by: systematic interrogations during which he was repeatedly accused of being a guerrilla.” According to the expert opinion, the symptoms of torture that he has shown since the events of the Palace of Justice are as follows: “[f]ear stemming from his perception, based on his experience as a lawyer, owing to which he knows about the torture of civilians by the Army as a mechanism of social control […]. Evasive conduct and withdrawal […]. Depression […]. Control of affections […]. Agoraphobia.” She identified the following psychosomatic symptoms: “[f]requent pain at right hypochondrium; pain in the whole body that started a year after the events […; p]ermanent muscular pains in arms, feet, heels and big toe. These psychosomatic symptoms that appeared a short time after the events of the Palace of Justice can be related to the physical and mental torture to which he was subjected.” Cf. Expert opinion provided by Ana Deutsch by affidavit on October 29, 2013 (evidence file, folios 35969 to 35971). 598 In particular, she stated that “[a]t the psychological level: José Vicente Rubiano reveals post-traumatic stress symptoms including: hyperalertness; over-excitement; withdrawal; emotional restraint; increase in alcohol consumption (immediately after the events); irritability; separation anxiety. At the psychosocial level: social withdrawal and isolation; he suffers from rejection by the community because he was classified as a ‘guerrilla.’ Breakdown of his life project.” Regarding the social effects, the expert witness identified the following: “[w]ithdrawal from, and scant interest in, social interactions […], stigmatization […], work inhibition […], breakdown of his life project.” As to the relational dimension, the expert witness identified the following: “[b]reakdown of the social fabric […], separation anxiety […], withdrawal […], ailments of family members […], change in habits.” Expert opinion provided by Ana Deutsch by affidavit dated October 29, 2013 (evidence file, folios 35973, 35978 to 35980). 599 According to expert witness Ana Deutsch, José Vicente Rubiano Galvis was subjected to the following types of physical torture: “[k]icks to the chest and shins, punches in the face; sexual violence on the genitals: application of electric shock on abdomen and genitals; long waiting periods: he remained standing all the time in the stables […] surrounded by horse manure.” Also, according to this expert opinion, he was subjected to the following types of psychological torture: “weakness from being deprived of water and food; impossibility of performing his physiological necessities; isolation in a dark empty room in which there was a power outlet with the cables used in torture by electric shock; deprivation of normal sensorial stimulation; subjection to total darkness, affecting sensorial perception; sleep deprivation: he was unable to sleep during the whole time that he was sequestered; systematic interrogations during which he was repeatedly accused of being a guerrilla […]; threats of torture and death […]; sexual torture […]; obligation to be present while others were being tortured […]; humiliation by verbal abuse and humiliating acts […]; situations of impunity during the time of forced disappearance and arbitrary detention […, and; i]nhuman conditions 136