25.
According to the State, in the instant case the discovery of the conditions in which the
alleged victim died fit in the context of his belonging to the police service, of it having occurred in the
performance of his functions, and that the persons involved were his colleagues in the police on active duty.
The State focused its argument on the fact that the death of the alleged victim occurred when he was on active
duty as a member of the National Police, in the course of which he became involved in a dispute with his
captain and wounded the captain and a fellow police officer, from which it is deduced that the facts related to
his death involved police activity.
26.
The State argued that at the moment of the facts the Criminal Code of the Police was in force
in Ecuador – it has since been repealed – and that it included, as crimes against life, homicide (homicidio) and
murder (asesinato), among others. It stated that under this provision the members of the National Police
could be convicted, with the due judicial guarantees, in the event of committing a crime against life.
27.
The State noted that the alleged victim’s wife came forward as private accuser in both
proceedings, before the regular jurisdiction and the police jurisdiction, and that the parties may appeal
judges’ orders recusing themselves. It indicated that contrary to questioning the recusal on the part of the
judge, the alleged victim’s wife, in her private accusation before the police jurisdiction, asked to amend the
complaint so as to include other persons who may have been implicated in the death, and asked that
testimony be taken and other procedural tools activated, which was done by the police judge. According to
the State, the petitioners did not pursue the adequate remedy that was available to them domestically to
exercise their rights.
28.
The State alleged that one cannot invoke the exception of unwarranted delay to justify the
failure to meet admissibility requirements. It indicated that on August 16, 1994, the police judge issued a
reasoned ruling to dismiss the case with prejudice in favor of the persons implicated; and that one can
deduce, based on an analysis of the witness evidence and the expert evidence, that the alleged victim
committed suicide. It indicated that in keeping with the applicable legislation, that decision was forwarded
for consultation to the First District Court of the Police, which vacated the proceedings from folios 328, when
the alleged victim was said to have abandoned the private accusation, without the accused having expressly
consented to that act. It indicated that after November 11, 196, the Second District Judge for the Police once
again declared the matter dismissed with prejudice, and after the consultation, on March 5, 1997, the District
Court for the National Police is said to have affirmed the dismissal of charges. It argued that the activity of the
judges was efficient and that the process lasted four years, three months, and one day, which in the view of
the State does not constitute unwarranted delay.
29.
The Ecuadorian State added that by a judicial ruling in the police jurisdiction, charges were
dismissed with prejudice against the members of the Police who could have been involved in the death of the
alleged victim, and that the IACHR is not a court of appeals in which one analyzes the reasoning of the
domestic law judges when handing down their judgments.
30.
As regards the right to life, the State indicated that “the imposition of predicting the death of
the alleged victim in its context is an impossible burden,” that the alleged victim was inebriated, that he had
shot two of his colleagues and had fled, accordingly, requiring that the State adopt measures of prevention in
respect of each possible risk of a violation of the right to life based on such human conduct, which is
unpredictable, is utopian and disproportionate. The State focused its argument on the fact that, as appears
from the facts in the proceeding, the alleged victim, inebriated, shot at a captain of the National Police prior to
taking flight, which in the view of the State gave rise to a situation of risk that could not be foreseen or
prevented. Accordingly, the only thing that the authorities could offer as a remedy is an investigation. In that
regard, the State alleged that both in the regular jurisdiction and in the special jurisdiction, an effective
investigation was initiated sua sponte to determine how the alleged victim died.
31.
With respect to the right to due process, the State argued that the authority of the police
jurisdiction stems from a constitutional and statutory mandate established prior to the police judge taking
cognizance of the case involving the alleged victim. It emphasized that the police jurisdiction is determinant
in judging members of the police on active duty. According to the State, despite being a special jurisdiction,