arguments against the justiciability of ESCER that are based on the restrictive
wording of Article 26 of the Convention and on reflections on the insufficiency of the
mechanisms of the Protocol of San Salvador. The American community itself, at the
state and civil society levels, has attempted to get past these legal obstacles to affirm
the full applicability of ESCER.
92.
This context of the participation of multiple actors—whether institutional
(State) or not—amounts to the authentic open society to which Peter Häberle refers,
with language that has been built over decades of collective argumentation. The work
is not an exclusive or voluntary one of the judges of the Court, but the unfinished
product of the American community. Without any bias, it can be stated that by this
point, the Court’s case law has transcended its beginnings to become a shared Latin
American heritage with regard to rights.
93.
Pursuant to what I have established throughout this concurring opinion, the
open society of the interpreters of the Convention has absorbed and built the direct
justiciability of ESCER. Despite possible deficiencies in terms of the drafting of Article
26 of the Convention and moments of hesitation on the part of the states Parties to
it, it has been conclusively demonstrated that these rights are not only human, but
fundamental to the trans-constitutional project, which has been underway for
decades. Therefore, its value as a guide must not be underestimated—and therefore
undermined—in the sense of overcoming poverty and the profound material
inequalities in Latin America.
94.
It is my belief that, serving the peoples of the continent as a judge of this
Court, I am not interpreting the text of the Convention solely and in isolation. I
understand the practices and arguments discussed collectively. I am in dialogue with
the amici curiae, with the states, with the committees, and with the organized civil
society of each state Party. It is not for me, therefore, to use a solipsistic interpretive
approach that ignores the history, the meanings, the struggles, and the selfunderstanding of the American peoples as to the meaning of the rights of the
Convention that they joined.
95.
Obviously, exercising deference to the hermeneutic understanding of the open
society of the interpreters of the Convention does not mean encouraging, or even
tolerating, hypotheses of abusive conventionalism or interpretive fragmentation,
since recognizing cognitive openness does not change the fact that the Court will
always remain the ultimate interpreter of the Convention.
96.
Essentially, incorporating the reality and the opinions of those to whom the
norms of the Convention apply as elements for interpreting and applying Article 26
of the Convention is a coherent contribution to the norms governing conventional law
and the specific principles that apply to international human rights law. In this sense,
the examples given of the contributions of states, individuals, civil society groups,
and the Commission as permanent subjects of the open society of interpreters of the
Convention demonstrate that the enforceability of ESCER before the Court is already
rooted in continental legal reality. This solid contribution cannot disappear into thin
air by the mere fact that the composition of the Court periodically undergoes changes
typical of the dynamics of changing appointments.
IV.
Violation of the right to work and to participate in the government.
97.
In the case at hand, there is a clear violation of the right to equal protection
set forth in Article 24 of the Convention. No substantive rationale based on the public
role that Mr. Guevara was to exercise was even invoked by Costa Rica to justify—
rationally and adequately—the deprivation of this employment opportunity. Although
the victim had a mental disability, his intellectual capacity for the job was sufficiently
18