109. The principle of inclusion therefore requires not only policies that encourage the participation of people with disabilities in the workplace (public or private), but also the elimination of barriers (architectural, behavioral, and cultural) that pose an obstacle to equal opportunity. One cannot lose sight of the fact that modern ableism assumes a much more subtle and hidden bias. Crude and inhuman discrimination has given way to techniques of marginalization to remove people with disabilities from public spaces and confine them to domestic environments where they are left forgotten and immobile. The detrimental effect on human dignity that a policy of creating immune ghettos for the disabled can have must not be underestimated. 110. In this same thrust, concern for the right to work of persons with disabilities is, in the inter-American context, inseparable from general protection of the right to work itself. Thus, Article 6(2) of the Protocol of San Salvador devotes special attention to the employment and professional development of people with disabilities: 6.2. The State Parties undertake to adopt measures that will make the right to work fully effective, especially with regard to the achievement of full employment, vocational guidance, and the development of technical and vocational training projects, in particular those directed to the disabled. The States Parties also undertake to implement and strengthen programs that help to ensure suitable family care, so that women may enjoy a real opportunity to exercise the right to work. 111. In the case of Guevara Diaz v. Costa Rica, the set of facts alleged and proven unequivocally demonstrates that the victim was dismissed from the job that he had been doing for more than two years exclusively because of his condition of intellectual disability. 112. In addition, as the Commission argued and this Court found,75 the state has not provided any evidence to refute the presumption of discrimination generated by Mr. Guevara's unjustified rejection after he came in at the top following the competitive hiring process. 113. All these reasons are sufficient in and of themselves to address the violation of articles 24 and 26 of the Convention read in conjunction with Article 1(1), to the detriment of Mr. Guevara Díaz. However, it is my contention that there are some additional factors that reinforce the obviousness of the violation of the victim's right to work. 114. First, the victim worked in a government job, which raises the question of civic duty and the issue of the necessary and essential inclusion of vulnerable groups in public life. Historically, persons with disabilities have faced limitations on their participation in the polis in a process that tends toward marginalizing them, as already highlighted in a previous section of this opinion. 115. Therefore, the state’s duty in this sense is not limited to guaranteeing formal isonomy, but rather entails an effective commitment to guaranteeing the equality of these persons from an isocratic perspective—that is, the right of all to participate in management of public affairs, including access to government jobs. 116. The American Convention on Human Rights has, being aware of this right’s importance, made it autonomous in Article 23, as a kind of special right, whether the right to hold political office or the right to hold government jobs. It has given it the generic name of the right to participate in the government, guaranteeing to the 75 Cf. Paragraph 80 of the sentence, commented. 21

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