29 codenamed “Lieutenant Colonel Mario Azenón Palma,”146 also known as a “ring invasion” by the civilian population. When the operation began, local residents were forced to flee their homes and seek refuge in the mountains.147 The family of Manuel Antonio Bonilla was among those that fled and in the mountains they met up with other families in the same situation. 148 81. During that operation, an exchange of gunfire took place near the hamlet of Las Guayabillas, in the canton of Amatitán Abajo, and the family of Manuel Antonio Bonilla became separated from other families with whom they were fleeing. At that point, they met up with a boy named Ricardo Abarca Ayala, who was carrying his six year-old sister Ester.149 On August 22, 1982, after walking for three days, the group stopped in a sugar cane field in the area known as Quebrada Seca to eat and to rest.150 Some people continued on their way, but when they saw the soldiers approaching, they managed to hide.151 Others who had remained in the sugar cane field decided to hide in Quebrada Seca. However, they were discovered by a group of soldiers, who fired shots at them.152 At that moment, the soldiers captured Manuel Antonio Bonilla. 153 Ricardo Abarca Ayala and his sister Ester, who had taken refuge near the river, were subsequently discovered by the soldiers and captured, together with María Josefa Rosales, María Esperanza Alvarado and Mauricio Osorio Alvarado. 154 After walking for a few kilometers, the soldiers released María Josefa Rosales, because of her old age, also file, volume V, annex 30 to the pleadings, motions and evidence brief, folio 2423); Newspaper report published in “La Prensa Gráfica” on August 23, 1982, entitled “FMLN suffers many casualties” (evidence file, volume V, annex 30 to the pleadings, motions and evidence brief, folios 2393 to 2394); newspaper report published in “El Diario de Hoy” on August 25, 1982, entitled “Successful end to Operation ‘Colonel Palma’” (evidence file, volume V, annex 30 to the pleadings, motions and evidence brief, folios 2434 to 2435); newspaper report published in “El Mundo” on August 24, 1982, entitled “End of Operation ‘Lieutenant Coronel Mario Alberto Azenón Palma” (evidence file, volume V, annex 30 to the pleadings, motions and evidence brief, folio 2404), and report published in the newspaper “La Prensa Gráfica” on August 25, 1982 entitled “Successful end to armed forces operation.” (Evidence file, volume V, annex 30 to the pleadings, motions and evidence brief, folios 2396 to 2397). Cf. Newspaper report published in “La Prensa Gráfica” on August 23, 1982, entitled “FMLN suffers many casualties” (evidence file, volume V, annex 30 to the pleadings, motions and evidence brief, folios 2393 to 2394), and newspaper report published in “La Prensa Gráfica” on August 25, 1982, entitled “Successful end to Operation of F.A.” (Evidence file, volume V, annex 30 to the pleadings, motions and evidence brief, folios 2396 to 2397). 146 Cf. Affidavit rendered by Ester Abarca Ayala on March 21, 2014 (evidence file, volume X, affidavits, folio 4745), and statement rendered before the Inter-American Court by José Arístides Bonilla Osorio during the public hearing held on April 1, 2014. 147 Cf. Affidavit rendered by Ester Abarca Ayala on March 21, 2014 (evidence file, volume X, affidavits, folio 4745), and Statement rendered before the Inter-American Court by José Arístides Bonilla Osorio during the public hearing held on April 1, 2014. 148 Cf. Affidavit rendered by Ester Abarca Ayala on March 21, 2014 (evidence file, volume X, affidavits, folio 4745), and Statement rendered before the Inter-American Court by José Arístides Bonilla Osorio during the public hearing held on April 1, 2014. 149 Cf. Affidavit rendered by Ester Abarca Ayala on March 21, 2014 (evidence file, volume X, affidavits, folio 4745), and Statement rendered before the Inter-American Court by José Arístides Bonilla Osorio during the public hearing held on April 1, 2014. 150 Cf. Affidavit rendered by Ester Abarca Ayala on March 21, 2014 (evidence file, volume X, affidavits, folio 4745), and Statement rendered before the Inter-American Court by José Arístides Bonilla Osorio during the public hearing held on April 1, 2014. 151 Cf. Affidavit rendered by Ester Abarca Ayala on March 21, 2014 (evidence file, volume X, affidavits, folio 4745), and Statement rendered before the Inter-American Court by José Arístides Bonilla Osorio during the public hearing held on April 1, 2014. 152 Cf. Affidavit rendered by Ester Abarca Ayala on March 21, 2014 (evidence file, volume X, affidavits, folio 4745), and Statement rendered before the Inter-American Court by José Arístides Bonilla Osorio during the public hearing held on April 1, 2014. 153 Cf. Affidavit rendered by Ester Abarca Ayala on March 21, 2014 (evidence file, volume X, affidavits, folios 4745 a 4746), and Statement rendered before the Inter-American Court by José Arístides Bonilla Osorio during the public hearing held on April 1, 2014. 154