34 were clearly subhuman; the infrastructure was completely inadequate [and] unhealthy for the inmate population; this posed an immediate threat to the inmates.” The Center was managed in very disorganized fashion. It had no system for filing the records on the adolescents. The procedures followed in situations in which their lives were in peril were not what they should have been. The staff did not have the training needed to ensure the inmates’ safety and prevent violation of juvenile offenders’ rights. “Without exaggerating […] I would have to describe what went on as a civil war; there was constant internal conflict among the inmates themselves and between the inmates and the authorities, specifically the guards.” Her group came to the Center knowing that their lives were in danger and accepting that risk. Had it not been for the fire, the Center would still be operating today. The closing of the Center was necessary. However, because it was a forced closing, it did not trigger major changes in the living conditions of incarcerated juveniles in Paraguay. Itauguá is much better and is fit for the population, but the same problems persist in the Director’s Office and living conditions are not very different from what they were at Panchito López. The changes in the law are most welcome. However, there are no mechanisms by which to implement these new laws. Implementation will be a slow process because of resistance on the part of some judges who do not approve of the alternative measures. m) Testimony of María Vilma Talavera de Bogado, official with the Ministry of Education and Culture The Youth and Adult Education Center No. 118 was located in the ‘Panchito López’ Center. It was staffed with three teachers from the Ministry of Justice and Labor. The witness does not know how the education center operated inside ‘Panchito López’ because she only had access to the information on the school’s operation after it was moved to the Itauguá Education Center. n) Testimony of María Elizabeth Flores Negri, researcher Based on the different investigations she has done on prison life at the Comprehensive Education Center, the situation has evolved from one of “complete indolence and disinterest on the part of the system for the administration of justice […] to a system that is increasingly more attentive” to the inmates’ procedural guarantees and living conditions. She was first acquainted with the ‘Panchito López’ Center when it was in the city of Emboscada. Then it was an old building, damp, with hygienic problems. It was totally unsuited for housing adult inmates, much less juveniles. When the Center moved to Asunción, it drew more attention because of the constant complaints made by inmates and other interested institutions. The latter found it much easier to observe the Center once it was in Asunción because it was more accessible and closer. The increase in visits by defense attorneys and relatives was immediate and striking. However, living conditions did not change much, since the inadequacy of its infrastructure was obvious; the facility was much smaller and had much less space than it did before.