6
6.
On previous opportunities, the Court interpreted that the phrase “matters that have
not yet been submitted before it,” included in Article 63(2) in fine of the American
Convention, assumes that there is at least a possibility that the matter that substantiates
the request for provisional measures may be submitted to the knowledge of the Tribunal in
its contentious jurisdiction. That in order for said minimum possibility to exist, the
proceeding established in Articles 44 and 46 through 48 of the American Convention has to
have been started.7
7.
In International Human Rights Law provisional measures not only have a
precautionary nature, in the sense that they preserve a juridical situation, but
fundamentally a protective one, since they protect human rights in the measure that they
seek to avoid irreparable damages to persons. The order to adopt measures is applicable as
long as the basic requirements of extreme gravity and urgency and the prevention of
irreparable damages to persons are present. Thus, provisional measures become a true
jurisdictional guarantee of a preventive nature.8
8.
The Court has considered it necessary to clarify that, in view of the protective nature
of provisional measures (supra Considering clause 7), it is possible to exceptionally order
them even when there is not a contentious case as such within the Inter-American System,
in situations that, prima facie, may result in a grave and urgent infringement of human
rights. For this, an assessment of the problem presented, the effectiveness of the state’s
actions regarding the situation described, and the degree of lack of protection that will fall
upon the people over which the measures are requested if they are not adopted shall be
assessed. In order to achieve this objective it is necessary that the Inter-American
Commission present sufficient reason to cover the mentioned criteria and that the State fail
to prove in a clear and sufficient manner the effectiveness of specific measures it has
adopted within the domestic realm.9
9.
From the information provided by the Commission, it can be concluded that Mr.
Natera Balboa, who was imprisoned, serving a prison sentence at the “El Dorado” Oriental
Region Penitentiary Center, Bolivar State, had been missing since November 8, 2009 (supra
Having Seen paragraph 2(a)), date on which his mother had telephone contact with him for
the last time. Likewise, several testimonies indicate that on that same date, at
approximately 10:30 a.m., Mr. Natera was at the prison installations walking near the gate,
when several members of the National Guard, led by a captain, beat him and violently took
him toward a black Ford car. On the other hand, the Court has not been informed that said
person voluntarily left the penitentiary center.
7
Cfr. Matter of García Uribe et al. Request for Provisional Measures regarding Mexico. Order of the InterAmerican Court of Human Rights of February 2, 2006, Considering clauses three and four; Matter of Guerrero
Larez, supra note 6, Considering clause seven, and Matter of Capital El Rodeo I and El Rodeo II Judicial
Confinement Center. Request for provisional measures regarding Venezuela. Order of the Inter-American Court of
Human Rights of February 8, 2008, Considering clause five.
8
Cfr. Case of the “La Nación” Newspaper. Provisional Measures regarding Costa Rica. Order of the InterAmerican Court of Human Rights of September 7, 2001, Considering clause number four; Matter of Guerrero Larez,
supra note 6, Considering clause four, and Case of Gomes Lund et al. (Guerrilha do Araguaia). Provisional
Measures regarding Brazil. Order of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights of July 15, 2009, Considering clause
four.
9
Cfr. Matter of Capital El Rodeo I and El Rodeo II Judicial Confinement Center, supra note 7, Considering
clause nine, and Matter of Guerrero Larez, supra note 6, Considering clause eight.