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The Community is waiting for the land to be returned to them, to work and cultivate.
The witness hopes that her children may have their own land, to live in peace.
d.
Stephen William Kidd, witness
He went to Paraguay in 1984 to work on an Anglican Church project for indigenous
settlements. He lived in Paraguay until 1996, with Enxet communities.
In the 19th century, the lands of the Paraguayan Chaco were sold by the State on
the London exchange to mostly British businessmen. Around 1886, the British
Consul in Paraguay approached an Anglican mission, the South American Mission, to
request support for “pacification of the indigenous peoples” of the Chaco, to facilitate
entry of the British businessmen into the area. In 1907, the Anglicans established
several missions in the lands purchased in the Chaco. However, in the 1950s they
sold most of their land and retained only a very small part in Makxlawaya, which was
the Anglican center of the whole area.
Until 1979 the Church had a more spiritual mission in the Chaco. Afterwards, given
the seriousness of the living conditions of the indigenous community members who
had no land, it decided to set up a development project known as “La Herencia”
[“The Heritage”], with the aim of purchasing land for the indigenous people’s
settlement.
La Herencia was a comprehensive development project that included agricultural,
health and educational assistance. Three landholdings were purchased within the
framework of the project. In 1980, it purchased the land in Sombrero Piri; in 1982,
La Patria, and in 1984, El Estribo.
The land at El Estribo was purchased in the Mennonite area, in the territory of the
Northern Enxet, north of the Anglican area. These ten thousand hectares were
acquired thinking only of the Makxlawaya community, which at the time amounted to
1,700 individuals. However, other indigenous communities living on estates such as
Loma Verde, Maroma, Loma Porá, and Ledesma heard that there was the possibility
of going to El Estribo, and they decided to go. Thus, the people of Loma Verde
constituted a community within El Estribo.
Clearly the indigenous people have always wanted to live on the lands where they,
their parents and their grandparents were born. In the early 1980s, the indigenous
people of the area lived under very bad conditions on the estates. When the
Anglican Church came and offered them land, which seemed like “the land of honey,”
with food and tools, many chose to go and flee the haciendas to establish the new
colony, without realizing that their economic situation would not really improve.
Due to conditions on the new lands, the members of the indigenous community who
moved to these settlements could not live there all the time; they had to seek work
with the Mennonites or return to the estates. This turned these settlements into
convenient labor camps for all the landowners in the area.
Once they learned about the existence of Law No. 904/81, the Anglican Church
attempted to change its policy regarding the territorial problem of the indigenous
communities. Therefore, they set up a small team with an attorney to support
several indigenous claims in the area of the Enxet and Sanapaná. This team began