A.4.2. Legal framework applicable to deprivation of liberty and to expulsion or deportation procedures .................................................................................. 60 B) FACTS OF THE CASE........................................................................................... 63 B.1. Introduction.............................................................................................. 63 B.2. Facts regarding the members of the different families .................................... 65 B.2.1. Medina family ...................................................................................... 65 B.2.2. Fils-Aimé family ................................................................................... 69 B.2.3. Bersson Gelin ...................................................................................... 70 B.2.4. Sensión Family .................................................................................... 71 B.2.5. Rafaelito Pérez Charles ......................................................................... 73 B.2.6. Jean family ......................................................................................... 74 VIII RIGHTS TO JURIDICAL PERSONALITY, TO A NAME, TO NATIONALITY AND TO IDENTITY, IN RELATION TO THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD, THE RIGHT TO EQUAL PROTECTION AND THE OBLIGATIONS TO RESPECT RIGHTS WITHOUT DISCRIMINATION AND TO ADOPT DOMESTIC LEGAL PROVISIONS .................... 75 A) INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................... 75 B) ARGUMENTS OF THE COMMISSION AND OF THE PARTIES ............................................ 77 C) CONSIDERATIONS OF THE COURT ......................................................................... 82 C.1. Rights to nationality and to equality before the law........................................ 83 C.1.1. Nationality and the obligation to prevent, avoid and reduce statelessness ... 84 C.1.2.Nationality and the principle of equality and non-discrimination .................. 85 C.2. Rights to recognition of juridical personality, to a name, and to identity ........... 87 C.3. Rights of the child ..................................................................................... 89 C.4. Obligation to adopt domestic legal provisions ................................................ 89 C.5. Application to this case .............................................................................. 89 C.5.1. Regarding those whose identity documents were disregarded by the authorities at the time of their expulsion .......................................................... 90 C.5.2. Regarding those born in Dominican territory who were not registered and did not have documentation ................................................................................. 90 C.5.3. Regarding the alleged violation of Article 2 of the American Convention, in relation to its Articles 1(1), 3, 18, 20 and 24 .................................................... 98 IX RIGHTS TO PERSONAL LIBERTY, TO JUDICIAL GUARANTEES, TO FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT AND RESIDENCE, AND TO JUDICIAL PROTECTION, IN RELATION TO THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD AND THE OBLIGATION TO RESPECT RIGHTS WITHOUT DISCRIMINATION ............................................................................................. 107 A) ARGUMENTS OF THE COMMISSION AND OF THE PARTIES .......................................... 107 B) CONSIDERATIONS OF THE COURT ....................................................................... 111 B.1. Basic guarantees in immigration proceedings that may involve deprivation of liberty and expulsion or deportation ..................................................................112 B.1.1. General considerations ........................................................................112 B.1.2. Standards for expulsion proceedings .....................................................113 B.1.3. Standards related to the deprivation of liberty, including that of children, in immigration proceedings ...............................................................................116 B.1.4. The prohibition of collective expulsions ..................................................117 B.2. Legal qualification of the facts of this case ...................................................118 B.2.1. Right to personal liberty ......................................................................118 B.2.1.1. Alleged illegal and arbitrary nature of the deprivations of liberty (Article 7(2) and 7(3)) ..........................................................................................118 B.2.1.2. Notice of the reasons for the deprivations of liberty (Article 7(4)) ........120 B.2.1.3. Presentation before a competent authority (Article 7(5)) ....................120 B.2.1.4. Judicial review of the lawfulness of deprivations of liberty (Article 7(6)) ...............................................................................................................121 B.2.1.5. Conclusion ....................................................................................122 3