The events concern the extrajudicial execution of 6 unarmed rural farmers, in the province of Las Palmeras, Putumayo region, by members of the National Police and Army. The case also addresses the lack of administration of justice, which meant that the events remained in impunity. The IA Court advanced in its jurisprudence regarding the responsibility of States for the violations of the rights to a fair trial and to judicial protection as a consequence of the use of military jurisdiction in cases of serious human rights’ violations, as this jurisdiction violates the right to a competent, impartial and independent judge. Additionally, the IA Court evidenced the violation of rights as a consequence of the excessive time period the ordinary criminal process lasted without having identified or punished those responsible for the extrajudicial execution, which violates the limits of a reasonable time period.