53
deprive judges from social security retirement benefits, the instant file contains
evidence that the Chamber for Constitutional Matters of the STJ had previously
declared as unconstitutional the section of Article 41 of the Judiciary Career Act that
prohibited the enjoyment of retirement to judges who had been dismissed.212 This
leads the Court to conclude that there was no need to set aside the disciplinary
sanction of removal from office in order to concede the right to retirement
corresponding to years of service. Both situations could occur simultaneously.
199. Moreover, the CPAM indicated that “this condition does not exempt this
Chamber from ordering the [IGC] to take the necessary steps, using the respective
administrative procedure, in order to establish the appropriate disciplinary
responsibilities […] which are not in any way excluded because there is an acquired
right in their favor, such as retirement.”213 In another case, the same Chamber
indicated that “whether or not the sanctioned judge had obtained the benefit of
retirement, this does not prevent the pertinent decisions from being taken, should it
be found true that the judge had conducted herself inappropriately in the exercise of
her judicial office, and this should be recorded in her personal file.”214
200. The Court concludes that the five judges should be considered as identically
situated as regards the commission of the disciplinary infringement. However, the
Court lacks jurisdiction to determine whether a disciplinary sanction should be
imposed in the instant case and, in such event, to whom would it apply. Indeed, the
Court is not able to determine whether Judges Marrero and Morales should have been
sanctioned in the exact same fashion as the alleged victims in the instant case. Thus,
Article 24 of the Convention does not grant the alleged victims the right to demand
the imposition of the disciplinary sanction of removal from office against Judges
Marrero and Morales.215 Hence, it is not possible to declare the violation of Article 24
in the present case.
2.
Judiciary
Discrimination as regards access to other positions in the
201. The representative argued that discrimination existed not only when removing
the victims from office, but that they were discriminated against as regards access to
other positions in the Judiciary, because Judges Marrero and Morales were able to
reincorporate into the judicature, being appointed to the STJ, while the victims are
impeded from acceding to judicial positions “derived directly from the law.”
212
Cf. judgment No. 238 of February 20, 2003 issued by Chamber for Constitutional Matters of the
STJ (File on the Merits, Book IV, p. 1120).
213
1048).
214
Cf. judgment No. 4579 of June 29 2005 issued by the CPAM (File on the Merits, Book IV, p.
Cf. judgment No. 617 of April 24, 2007 issued by the CPAM (File on the Merits, Book IV, p.
1058).
215
Similarly, the Human Rights Committee stated that “the exemption of only one group of
conscientious objectors and the inapplicability of the exemption for all others cannot be considered
reasonable [given that] when a right of conscientious objection to military service is recognized […], no
differentiation shall be made among conscientious objectors on the basis of the nature of their particular
beliefs. However, in the instant case, the Committee considers that the author has not shown that his
convictions as a pacifist are incompatible with the system of substitute service in the Netherlands or that
the privileged treatment accorded to Jehova’s Witnesses adversely affected his rights as a conscientious
objector against military service.” United Nations, Human Rights Committee, Case of Brinkoff v. The
Netherlands, Communication No. 402/1990, CCPR/C/48/D/402/1990, July 27, 1993, para. 9.3.
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