2005, from May to August of 2007, and from March to August of 2008.157 The case file contains no evidence of protection visits carried out after August 2008. Lastly, under the provisional measures procedure, the State reported that two meetings had been held with some beneficiaries of the measures on January 12158 and October 4, 2010.159 127. In this regard, from the evidence provided by the State, the Court observes the signature of Néstor Caudi Barrios, Oscar José Barrios and Juan José Barrios on some of the records of the patrols carried out during certain periods of 2004, 2005, 2006 and 2007.160 Moreover, during the special hearing on February 8, 2011, the State confirmed the address of Juan José Barrios, but did not include him among the persons to be protected by National Guard patrols.161 Furthermore, the Court notes that there is no evidence in the file regarding any measure taken by the State to protect Luis Alberto Barrios and Wilmer José Barrios 128. Several members of the Barrios family provided statements reporting that the patrols were either ineffective or intermittent.162 There is no evidence in the case file that, prior to February 2011,163 the State had made any attempt to coordinate directly with the beneficiaries or with the Public Prosecution Service in relation to the type of measures of protection required by the beneficiaries in order to reduce the risks they faced, the way to implement them, and the type of collaboration possibly required from the beneficiaries. In addition, the argument that the beneficiaries had refused protection by police agents from specific police stations or that they lived in two states, Miranda and Aragua, cannot justify the failure to adopt specific measures of protection to counter the risks they faced. Indeed, several members of the Barrios family relocated as a result of the danger they felt and the threats received in Guanayén (infra paras. 156 to 161). Furthermore, in its order for provisional measures of November 23, 2004, the Court required that “the measures of protection should not be provided by police forces that, according to the beneficiaries, were involved in the events denounced.”164 This, in no way relieves the State of its strict obligation to adopt the necessary positive measures to prevent or avoid the danger and to determine those responsible. 157 Cf. For example, records of protection measure visits (file of attachments to the answering brief, folios 6139, 6213, 6190, 6193, 6196, 6199, 6202, 6235, 6244, 6247, 6250, 6260, 6263, 6277, 6280, 5617, 5616, 5603, 5602, 5590, 5585, 5626, 5624, 5630, 5646, 6961, 6963, 6967, 6969, 6973, 6975, 7001, 7002, 7009 and 7010). 158 Cf. Case of Eloisa Barrios et al. Provisional measures with regard to Venezuela. Order of the InterAmerican Court of Human Rights of November 25, 2010, considering paragraph 12. 159 Cf. Case of Eloisa Barrios et al. Provisional measures with regard to Venezuela. Order of the InterAmerican Court of Human Rights of February 21, 2011, considering paragraphs 15, 16 and 19. 160 Cf. for example, records of protection measures visits (file of attachments to the answering brief, tomes III, IV and VI, folios 6257, 6263, 6286, 6247, 6260, 6283, 6291, 7216, 7219, 7445, 7187 and 7175). 161 Cf. Record of the special hearing of February 8, 2011, supra note 156, folios 7469 to 7475. 162 Cf. Brief of Eloisa Barrios, Beatriz Barrios, Jorge Barrios and Rigoberto Barrios to the Ninth Review Court, supra note 147, folio 7119; Brief of Luis Aguilera addressed to the Ninth Review Court of the Criminal Judicial Circuit of Aragua state on January 18, 2005 (file of attachments to the answering brief, tome VI, attachment 27, folios 7131 to 7133); Record of interview with Elbira Barrios before the Forensic and Scientific Crime Investigation Unit on February 12, 2005 (file of attachments to the answering brief, tome IV, attachment 18, folio 6165); Record of interview with Pablo Julian Solórzano Barrios before the Forensic and Criminal Scientific Investigation Unit on February 23, 2005 (file of attachments to the answering brief, tome IV, attachment 18, folio 6174); Record of interview with Juan José Barrios on August 2, 2005, supra note 148, folio 5011; Affidavit made by Víctor Daniel Cabrera Barrios on June 23, 2011 (merits file, tome III, folio 926) and Testimony of Eloisa Barrios during the public hearing on June 29, 2011. 163 Cf. Record of the special hearing of February 8, 2011, supra note 156, folio 7472. 164 Case of Eloisa Barrios et al. Provisional measures. Order of November 23, 2004, supra note 10, third operative paragraph. 45

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