13 México, expert witness proposed by the representatives. She provided an opinion on: i) the impact suffered by Mrs. Fernández Ortega, personally and with regard to her family, owing to the alleged rape and the supposed impunity of the case, and ii) the measures needed to repair the damage allegedly caused 15. Rosalva Aída Hernández Castillo, Ph.D. in social anthropology, professor and researcher of the Center for Research and Higher Education in Social Anthropology, specialized in studies on the situation of indigenous women in Mexico, expert witness proposed by the representatives. She provided an opinion on: i) the impact of the alleged rape of Mrs. Fernández Ortega on the indigenous community, especially the women; ii) the alleged harm of the social fabric of the community and the supposed impunity in the case, and iii) possible measures of reparation. B. Assessment of the documentary evidence 30. In this case, as in others,27 the Court admits the probative value of those documents forwarded by the parties at the appropriate procedural opportunity, which were not contested or opposed and the authenticity of which was not questioned. 31. On the other hand, the Court will examine, in the first place, the observations made by Mexico on some of the offered documents and in the brief of pleadings and motions, and then will rule on those that were provided by the representatives and the State following their brief of pleadings and motions and brief in response to the application, respectively. 32. The State raised objections to certain texts,28 newspaper Articles29 and documents concerning the domestic proceedings and the precautionary measures30 27 Cf. Velásquez Rodríguez v. Honduras. Merits. Judgment of July 29, 1988. Series C No. 4, para. 140; Case of Chitay Nech et al, supra note 18, para. 50, Case of Manuel Cepeda Vargas, supra note 18, para. 56. 28 The State mentioned the following publications: United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights in Mexico. Report on the Human Rights Situation in Mexico, [Diagnóstico sobre la Situación de los Derechos Humanos en Mexico], 2003 (file of annexes to the application, tome II, annex 2, folios 157 to 360); Amnesty International. Mexico: Indigenous Women and Military injustice, [México: Mujeres indígenas e injusticia militar], November 23, 2004 (file of annexes to the application tome II, annex 3, folios 362 to 388); World Organization Against Torture, Geneva. Alleged rape of an elderly indigenous woman by members of the military results in her death, [Presunta violación sexual por militares resultando en muerte de una mujer indígena mayor], March 8, 2007 (file of annexes to the application, tome II, annex 22, folio 584 to 594); Juan Méndez, Guillermo O’Donnell, Paula Sergio Pinheiro. The (Un)Rule of Law and the Underprivileged in Latin America, Reducing Discrimination against Women in Mexico, a task for Sisyphus [Reduciendo la Discriminación contra las Mujeres en México, Una tarea de Sisyphus], Mariclaire Acosta, University of Notre Dame Press, 1998 (file of annexes to the application, tome II, annex 23, folio 596 to 616); Global Exchange, Centro de Investigaciones Económicas y Políticas de Acción Comunitaria, A.C. (CIEPAC) and Centro Nacional de Comunicación Social A.C. (CENCOS). Always close, always far: The Armed Forces in Mexico [Siempre cerca, siempre lejos: Las fuerzas armadas en México], 2000 (file of annexes to the brief of pleadings and motions, tome I, annex A, folio 3781 to 3790); International Peace Brigades. Silenced: Violence against human rights defenders in the south of Mexico [Silenciados: Violencia contra defensores de derechos humanos en el sur de México], Newsletter of the Mexico Project, Special Edition on Ayutla, May 2009 (file of annexes to the brief of pleadings and motions, tome I, annex L, folio 3888 to 3899), and Amnesty International. Promoting the rights of indigenous peoples in Mexico. Organization of the Indigenous Me’phaa People. Human Rights Defenders [Promover los derechos de los pueblos indígenas de México. Organización del Pueblo Indígena Me’phaa. Defensores y Defensoras de Derechos Humanos], October 2008 (file of annexes to the brief of pleadings and motions, tome I, annex M, folio 3901 to 3904). 29 The newspaper Articles mentioned by the State are as follows: Newspaper el Sur. Indigenous People protect narcotics crops: General Lopez Gutierrez [“Los indígenas protegen sembradíos de enervantes: General López Gutiérrez”], February 11, 2004 (file of annexes to the application, tome II, annex 21, folio 582); Newspaper La Jornada. El Sur. More rapes and homicides if the Army continues in the Mountain [“Más violaciones y homicidios si el Ejército sigue en la Montaña”], May 12, 1999 (file of

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