Commission submitted their observations on the helpful documents and explanations provided by
the State in response to the requests of the acting President (supra para. 12).
14.
Report on disbursements from the Assistance Fund. On September 20, 2013, the
Secretariat, on the instructions of the acting President, forwarded information to the State on the
disbursements made in application of the Victim’s Legal Assistance Fund in this case and, as
established in article 5 of the Court’s Rules for the Operation of the said fund, granted it a time
frame for presenting any observations it deemed pertinent. On September 27, 2013, the State
presented its observations in this regard.
III
PRELIMINARY OBJECTION
A) Arguments of the Commission and of the parties
15.
The State argued that “the facts alleged by Ms. J. commenced on April 13, 1992; in other
words, before the Peruvian State had ratified [the Convention of Belém do Pará, on June 4, 1996,]
and […] before the date that it was adopted by the States parties.” It therefore asserted that “they
should remain outside the Court’s jurisdiction.” The State also indicated that, in the Miguel Castro
Castro Prison case, the Inter-American Court had established that, as of June 4, 1996, Peru should
have observed the provisions of Article 7(b) of the Convention of Belém do Pará, “which obliges it to
act with due diligence to investigate and punish the said violence.”
16.
The representative argued that “[t]he substantive rights (and, consequently, the obligations)
established in the Convention [of Belém do Pará] were already included in the American
Convention.” She also indicated that “[t]he violation of article 7 of the Convention of Belém do Pará
in the instant case relates to the conducts of the State that occurred after the Peruvian State had
ratified the Convention of Belém do Pará.”
17.
Meanwhile, the Commission indicated that “the obligation to investigate that arises from
[acts of rape], continues over time. At the time the State of Peru ratified the Convention of Belém
do Pará, the obligation to investigate and the failure to respond adequately to this obligation had
already arisen, and it subsisted following that date.” The Commission indicated that “[t]his approach
is consistent with the case law of the Inter-American Court,” including in the case of the Miguel
Castro Castro Prison.”
B) Considerations of the Court
18.
This Court notes that, as any organ with jurisdictional functions, it has the power inherent in
its attributes to determine the scope of its own competence (compétence de la compétence/
Kompetenz-Kompetenz). The instruments accepting the optional clause on the binding jurisdiction
(Article 62(1) of the Convention) presuppose the acceptance by the States presenting them of the
Court’s right to decide any dispute relating to its jurisdiction. 12
representative had failed to justify why the explanations and evidence provided on November 19, 2013, had not been presented
with her motions and arguments brief, or at any of the subsequent procedural opportunities granted by the Court or its acting
President to provide helpful information on the laws applicable to this specific case. He also found that the explanations and
evidence provided by the representative did not constitute simple observations on the documentation provided by the State and,
therefore, had not been requested by the acting President and was not contemplated in the Court’s Rules of Procedure. Given
that the possibility of presenting observations does not constitute a new procedural opportunity to expand arguments, on the
instructions of the acting President, the representative was advised that the arguments on merits and the evidence provided on
November 19, 2013, were inadmissible.
12
Cf. Case of Hilaire, Constantine and Benjamin et al. v. Trinidad and Tobago. Merits, reparations and costs. Judgment of
June 21, 2002. Series C No. 94, paras. 16 and 17, and Case of the Río Negro Massacres v. Guatemala. Preliminary objection,
merits, reparations and costs. Judgment of September 4, 2012. Series C No. 250, para. 35.
8