7
There is no evidence in the court records showing that the remedies mentioned
supra (or some other recourse that may exist) were filed or whether they were
effective within the domestic courts; no reason was given about why such remedies
were not filed, in accordance with the requirement stipulated in Article 46(2)(a), (b),
(c) of the Convention; as a result, the Commission, in my opinion, had to examine
the reasonings about the exhaustion of the domestic remedies and come to the
conclusion that the petition filed before it should be declared to be inadmissible.
This Court has ruled upon, on several occassions, on the procedural opportunity to
determine about a ground of inadmissibility as the one put forward by the State and
the Court has pointed out it may decide on the objection prior to the judgment on
the merits8 or as a preliminary phase, in the judgment that finally settles the
controversy.9
In the case at hand, the petitioners alleged to have exhausted the domestic
remedies by means of complaints filed before the Attorney General’s Office and some
proceedings instituted before the criminal courts, which, I insist, are not consistent
with the legal claims lodged before this Court. 10
In fact, the criminal court exercising criminal jurisdiction in Venezuela (and not
acting as constitutional court) within the sphere of its authorities, could not rule
upon the violation of freedom of expression (as has been one of the decisions of this
Court) or order measures necessary to avoid acts of State’s agents and private
individuals tending to hamper the seeking, reception and dissemination of
information by mass media and associated personnel; or require measures necessary
to prevent that acts of State’s agents or private individuals hinder the seeking,
reception and dissemination of information or guarantee the exercise of the right to
freedom of expression and thought, particularly, the exercise of the profession of the
petitioners. The majority has an opinion different to what I put forward herein as has
been read from the operative paragraphs of the judgment and paragraph 300
thereof. These claims, as we saw, are protected by other remedies that were not
exhausted.
The foregoing shows sufficient reasons to dissent from the majority opinion.
1.2 On the procedural moment to raise the objection
One of the reasons given by the majority of the judges to dismiss the objection of
non-exhaustion of domestic remedies was that the State failed to point out the
remedies that remained to be exhausted by the alleged victims and that it did not
8
; Cf. Judgment in favor of a preliminary decision different from the decision on the merits. Case
of Fairén Garbi and Solís Corrales V. Honduras. Preliminary Objections. Judgment of June 26, 1987. Series
C No. 2, para. 90; and Case of Godínez Cruz V. Honduras. Preliminary Objections. Judgment of June 26,
1987. Series C No. 3, para. 93.
9
Cf. Judgment in favor of joining the decision of exhaustion of remedies to the merits of the
case: Case of Velásquez Rodríguez. Preliminary Objections, Judgment of June 26, 1987.
10
From another point of view, in consideration of the suitability of the criminal proceedings, consult the
concurring opinion of Judge Sergio García Ramírez in the judgment of the Inter-American Court in the
case of Kimel, of May 2, 2008.