TABLE OF CONTENTS I INTRODUCTION OF THE CASE AND CAUSE OF THE ACTION .................................................................................... 3 II PROCEEDINGS BEFORE THE COURT....................................................................................................................... 4 III JURISDICTION ...................................................................................................................................................... 6 IV PRIOR CONSIDERATION ....................................................................................................................................... 6 A. B. ARGUMENTS OF THE PARTIES AND OF THE COMMISSION ................................................................................................. 6 CONSIDERATIONS OF THE COURT ................................................................................................................................ 7 V EVIDENCE ............................................................................................................................................................. 9 A. B. ADMISSIBILITY OF THE DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE ........................................................................................................... 9 ADMISSIBILITY OF THE TESTIMONIAL AND EXPERT EVIDENCE ........................................................................................... 11 VI FACTS .................................................................................................................................................................11 A. B. THE SITUATION OF THE INDIGENOUS COMMUNITIES IN GUATEMALA AND THE MEDIA SYSTEM ............................................... 11 THE RELEVANT REGULATORY FRAMEWORK.................................................................................................................. 14 B.1 Regulation of broadcasting ..................................................................................................................... 14 B.2 The Criminal Code .................................................................................................................................... 18 C. RAIDS CARRIED OUT AT RADIO IXCHEL AND UQUL TINAMIT “LA VOZ DEL PUEBLO”............................................................. 18 VII MERITS ..............................................................................................................................................................20 VII-1 RIGHTS TO FREEDOM OF THOUGHT AND EXPRESSION, TO EQUALITY BEFORE THE LAW AND TO PARTICIPATE IN CULTURAL LIFE, IN RELATION TO THE OBLIGATIONS TO RESPECT AND GUARANTEE RIGHTS WITHOUT DISCRIMINATION AND THE DUTY TO ADOPT PROVISIONS OF DOMESTIC LAW ........................................................ 20 A. ARGUMENTS OF THE PARTIES AND OF THE COMMISSION ............................................................................................... 20 B. CONSIDERATIONS OF THE COURT .............................................................................................................................. 23 VIII REPARATIONS ..................................................................................................................................................46 A. B. C. INJURED PARTY ..................................................................................................................................................... 47 MEASURES OF RESTITUTION .................................................................................................................................... 47 MEASURES OF SATISFACTION ................................................................................................................................... 47 C.1. Legalization of indigenous community radio stations in operation ......................................................... 48 C.2. Publication of the Judgment .................................................................................................................... 48 C.3. Other measures requested ...................................................................................................................... 48 D. GUARANTEES OF NON-REPETITION ............................................................................................................................ 49 D.1 Legal recognition of community radio and effective access by indigenous peoples to radio frequencies 50 D.2 Measures regarding criminal prosecutions and raids on indigenous peoples’ community radio stations 52 E. COMPENSATION .................................................................................................................................................... 52 F. COSTS AND EXPENSES ............................................................................................................................................. 53 G. METHOD OF COMPLIANCE WITH THE PAYMENTS ORDERED ............................................................................................. 55 IX OPERATIVE PARAGRAPHS...................................................................................................................................56 -2-