Ciurlizza,494 also contain accounts of different scenarios in which there were connections
between the Colombian Armed Forces and the paramilitary groups. 495
250. In addition, the evidence gathered in the investigations of the Prosecutor General’s Office
(based on statements by Fredy Rendón and on the paramilitary groups that were active in other
parts of the Urabá described by him) stressed the short distances between centers of operation
of some of the paramilitary groups and the location of Armed Forces command posts, as an
indicator or indication of the collaboration or acquiescence of the Armed Forces with the former.
Thus, for example, in 1995, in Necoclí (Urabá Antioqueño), Operations Base 1 of the
“Guelengues” group was 50 meters from the Police Command Post of that town and 500 meters
from the military base located “in the public works camp situated on the way out of the
municipal capital of Necoclí towards Turbo.”496 The same document of the Prosecutor General’s
Office mentions that, according to this paramilitary leader: (a) the “relations with the soldiers”
were “extremely good” (referring to six soldiers of different ranks with whom “coordination was
carried out”); (b) in August 1996, the paramilitary groups that were operating in Unguía and
Acandí (Urabá Chocóano), were operating in coordination with the Army; (c) the paramilitary
group that he situated in Riosucio from December 21, 1996, to February 15, 1997, had
“permanent and excellent relations with the Commander of the Police Station of the Municipality
of Río Sucio,”497 and (d) the existence of coordination with authorities and the Armed Forces in
the Operation to enter Vigía del Fuerte on May 22, 1997.498
251. In accordance with what has been indicated by several State institutions, different United
Nations bodies and agencies (the Commission on Human Rights, the Office of the High
Commissioner for Human Rights, the Human Rights Committee of the International Covenant on
Civil and Political Rights,499 and the ILO500) have referred to this context of connections between
violations or breaches of international humanitarian law […]”; “[…] the Historical Memory Center is responsible for
promoting and obtaining measures of satisfaction […].”
494
Cf. Testimony of Javier Ernesto Ciurlizza Contreras, expert witness proposed by the Commission, before the
Inter-American Court of Human Rights during the public hearing on February 12, 2013: “ […] I refer to those reports
prepared by the Historical Memory Center or what was previously called the Historical Memory Group of the National
Reparation and Conciliation Commission indicating that, indeed, the paramilitary phenomenon was associated with
private individuals, at least at the local level […]”.
495
Cf. National Historical Memory Center, “¡Basta ya! Colombia: Memorias de guerra y dignidad. Informe General
Grupo de Memoria Histórica,” Imprenta Nacional, Colombia, 2013, pp. 20, 42, 48, 343 and 347; and
“Justicia y Paz ¿verdad judicial o verdad histórica?” Colombia, 2012, pp. 251, 377, 469, 498, 513, 514 and 515; “La
Rochela: Memorias de un crimen contra la justicia”, Ed. Semana, Colombia, 2010, pp. 20, 95, 96, 104, 105 and 116;
“Silenciar en Democracia. Las masacres de Remedios y Segovia, 1982–1997,” Ed. Semana, Colombia, 2010, pp. 21, 22,
28, 29, 61, and 73 to 76; “La masacre de Bahía Portete: Mujeres Wayuu en la mira”, Ed. Semana, Colombia, 2010, pp.
23 and 33; “San Carlos: Memorias del éxodo en la guerra”, Ed. Aguilar, Altea, Taurus, Alfaguara, S. A., Colombia, 2011,
pp. 87 and 15; “Mujeres y guerra. Víctimas y resistentes en el Caribe colombiano”, Ed. Aguilar, Altea, Taurus,
Alfaguara, S. A., Colombia, 2011, pp. 31, 32 and 240.
496
Cf. Prosecutor General’s Office, Justice and Peace Unit, Dossier on the Elmer Cárdenas Bloc, structures
described by Fredy Rendón (evidence file, folio 45254).
497
Cf. Prosecutor General’s Office, Justice and Peace Unit, Dossier on the Elmer Cárdenas Bloc, structures
described by Fredy Rendón (evidence file, folios, 45257, 45282 and 45289).
498
Cf. Prosecutor General’s Office, Justice and Peace Unit, Dossier on the Elmer Cárdenas Bloc, structures
described by Fredy Rendón (evidence file, folios 45257, 45282, 45289 and 45312). The document indicates, in
particular, that the paramilitaries were accompanied by “3 piranha boats and a small Navy vessel” and that the Mayors
of Vigía and of Bojaya participated and collaborated at that time, as well as the Police of Vigía and of Bojaya.
499
Cf. United Nations, Commission on Human Rights, Report of the Representative of the Secretary-General on
internally displaced persons submitted in accordance with Commission resolution 1999/47, E/CN.4/2000/83/Add.1,
para. 25 (evidence file. folio 1571). United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, Reports on the Situation of
Human Rights in Colombia: E/CN.4/2001/15, 20 March 2001, para. 131 (evidence file, folio 2601); E/CN.4/2005/10, 28
February 2005, para. 149, Annex No. II, paras. 5, 6, 7 and 8 (evidence file, folios 2337 and 2348); E/CN.4/2004 /13,
17 February 2004, paras. 23, 24, 65 and 73 (evidence file, folios 2382, 2383, 2392, and 2393); E/CN.4/2003/13, 24
February 2003, paras. 9, 34, 44, 74, 75 and 77 (evidence file, folios 2445, 2450, 2452, 24659 and 2460);
E/CN.4/2002/17, 28 February 2002, para. 62 (evidence file, folio 2520); E/CN.4/2000/11, 9 March 2000, paras. 25,
110 and 111 (evidence file, folios 2640, 2657 and 2658); E/CN.4/1998/16, 9 March 1998, paras. 29, 90, 91 and 175
88
Seleccionar párrafo de destino3
Conectar a un párrafo
Connect to an entity
Disable highlights
Añadir a la tabla de contenidos