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Judgment of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights on Preliminary Objections, Merits, Reparations and Costs in the Case of Cruz Sánchez et al. v. Peru. Humberto Sierra Porto President Roberto F. Caldas Ventura Robles Manuel E. Alberto Pérez Pérez Vio Grossi Eduardo Eduardo Ferrer Mac-Gregor Poisot Pablo Saavedra Alessandri Registrar So ordered, Humberto Sierra Porto President Pablo Saavedra Alessandri Registrar

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I INTRODUCTION OF THE CASE AND CAUSE OF ACTION5
II PROCEEDINGS BEFORE THE COURT6
III JURISDICTION10
IV PARTIAL RECOGNITION OF INTERNATIONAL RESPONSIBILITY10
V PRELIMINARY OBJECTIONS13
A. First preliminary objection: “Objection on the legality of Admissibility Report 13/04 concerning Petition 136/03 for the failure to exhaust domestic remedies”13
B. Second preliminary objection: “Objection for failure to exhaust domestic remedies”17
C. Third preliminary objection: “Objection calling for a review of the legality of Report on the Merits 66/11 regarding the identification of the alleged victims and human rights not included in Admissibility Report 13/04;”20
D. Fourth preliminary objection: “Objection on the grounds that the Inter- American Commission on Human Rights violated the Peruvian State’s right of defense;”26
E. Fifth preliminary objection: “Objection for omission of relevant material”28
VI PRELIMINARY CONSIDERATIONS29
A. Alleged inadmissibility of facts29
B. Decision on the status of Lucinda Rojas Landa as an alleged victim31
VII EVIDENCE33
A. Documentary, testimonial and expert evidence33
B. Admission of evidence33
C. Assessment of the Evidence39
D. Evidentiary value and assessment of the “procedure to reconstruct the facts”39
VIII FACTS41
A. Context41
B. The “seizing” of the residence of the Japanese ambassador to Peru by members of the Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA)43
C. Negotiations between the government and the guerrillas44
D. Planning the “Nipón 69 Plan of Operation” or “Operation Chavín de Huántar”46
E. Execution of “Plan of Operation Nipón 96” or Operation “Chavín de Huántar”50
F. Actions subsequent to the operation53
G. Investigation of the facts and beginning of criminal proceedings in the ordinary courts55
H. The jurisdictional dispute and the military courts60
I. Continuation of the criminal case in the ordinary courts64
J. Criminal proceedings against Alberto Fujimori Fujimori and Manuel Tullume Gonzáles73
IX THE RIGHT TO LIFE, READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE OBLIGATION TO RESPECT AND GUARANTEE RIGHTS75
A. Arguments of the parties and of the Commission75
B. Considerations of the Court78
A) Eyewitness evidence91
B) Expert evidence developed in the domestic investigations94
C) Conclusions of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission95
D) Examination of the facts by the Peruvian courts96
E) Examination of the State’s international responsibility for the death of Eduardo Nicolás Cruz Sánchez based on the evidence97
A) Eyewitness evidence100
B) Evidence by expert witnesses developed in the investigations102
D) Conclusions of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission103
E) Finding on the facts by the Peruvian courts104
F) Assessment of the State’s international responsibility for the deaths of Herma Luz Meléndez Cueva y Víctor Salomón Peceros Pedraza based on the evidence106
X RIGHT TO JUDICIAL GUARANTEES AND RIGHT TO JUDICIAL PROTECTION, READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE OBLIGATION TO RESPECT AND GUARANTEE RIGHTS AND THE OBLIGATION TO ADOPT DOMESTIC LEGAL EFFECTS107
A. General discussion of the obligation to investigate in the instant case108
B. Initial procedures and securing of evidence110
C. Duty to initiate an investigation ex officio114
D. The military courts’ lack of jurisdiction to hold trial on the alleged extrajudicial executions of Herma Luz Meléndez Cueva and Víctor Salomón Peceros Pedraza116
E. Alleged violation of the obligation to adopt domestic legal effects under the terms of Article 2, read in conjunction with Articles 8 and 25, of the American Convention121
F. Lack of due diligence123
G. Right to know the truth125
H. Conclusion127
XI RIGHT TO HUMANE TREATMENT, READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE OBLIGATION TO RESPECT RIGHTS127
A. Arguments of the parties and of the Commission127
B. Considerations of the Court130
XII REPARATIONS (Application of Article 63(1) of the American Convention)132
A. Injured Party133
B. Obligation to investigate the facts in the ordinary courts and to identify, prosecute and, if applicable, punish those responsible133
C. Measures of rehabilitation, satisfaction and guarantees of non- repetition135
C.1. Rehabilitation135
C.2. Satisfaction: publication of the judgment135
C.3. Requested guarantees of nonrepetition136
D. Compensatory damages138
D.1. Pecuniary damages138
D.2. Nonpecuniary damages138
E. Costs and expenses139
F. Reimbursement of expenditures to the Legal Assistance Fund141
G. Method of compliance with the payments ordered142
XIII OPERATIVE PARAGRAPHS142
THE COURT142
DECIDES,142
DECLARES,142
AND ORDERS,143
PARTIALLY DISSENTING OPINION BY JUDGE PÉREZ PÉREZ 146
CONCURRING OPINION BYJUDGE FERRER MAC-GREGOR POISOT168

Cruz Sánchez y otros. Sentencia de 17 de abril de 2015

Sentencia de la Corte IDH

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Excepciones Preliminares
Fondo
Reparaciones

Fecha: 17 abr 2015

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Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos

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Perú

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Alberto Pérez Pérez
Eduardo Ferrer Mac-Gregor Poisot
Eduardo Vio Grossi
Humberto Antonio Sierra Porto
Manuel E. Ventura Robles
Roberto de Figueiredo Caldas

Votos separados

Alberto Pérez Pérez
Eduardo Ferrer Mac-Gregor Poisot
Eduardo Vio Grossi

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Cruz Sánchez y otros. Excepciones Preliminares, Fondo, Reparaciones y Costas. Sentencia de 17 de abril de 2015.pdf
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Cruz Sanchez y otros. Judgment. April 17, 2015.pdf
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Cruz Sánchez y otros. Excepciones Preliminares, Fondo, Reparaciones y Costas. Sentencia de 17 de abril de 2015.doc12.94 MB

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