239
Consequently, even accepting that the decree
mean that they will be entirely inapplicable.
suspending guarantees was in force, the Court must analyze the proportionality of the actions taken
by the State authorities when detaining Ms. J.
142. First, the Court emphasizes that, since the constitutional guarantee concerning the time for
bringing a person before a judge was suspended, it is not necessary to analyze the alleged failure to
comply with the time frame established in the Constitution. Despite this, it is pertinent to clarify
that, after examining the evidence submitted, the Court does not have sufficient information to
240
Therefore,
know whether Ms. J.’s detention lasted more than the 15 days alleged by the State.
for the effects of this Judgment, the Court will consider that Ms. J. remained at least 15 days
without being brought before a judge.
143. In this regard, the Court recalls that the first part of Article 7(5) of the Convention
establishes that the detention of a person must be subject to prompt judicial review. The Court has
indicated that prompt judicial control is a measure tending to avoid the arbitrary or illegal nature of
detentions, bearing in mind that, under the rule of law, it is for the judge to guarantee the rights of
the detainee, to authorize the adoption of precautionary measures, or coercive measures when
strictly necessary and, in general, to ensure that the accused is treated in a way that is consequent
with the presumption of innocence. 241 Prompt judicial review of the detention is particularly relevant
242
Even though this right was suspended, this
when applied to arrests made without a court order.
suspension cannot be absolute and, therefore, the Court must analyze the proportionality of what
243
happened in this case.
144. The meaning of the expression “promptly” must be examined in light of the particular
circumstances of the specific case. Thus, the investigation in cases of terrorism may present the
authorities with special problems, and these must be taken into account when analyzing the
244
Nevertheless, in this case, it has been proved that Ms. J.
“prompt” presentation before a judge.
was not brought before a judge for at least 15 days (supra para. 142), while the case file does not
include any well-founded reasons for this delay in submitting Ms. J.’s detention to a judge. The
Court considers that, even under the suspension of guarantees, the proportionality of Ms. J.
239
Cf. Human Rights Committee, General comment No. 29, States of emergency (Article 4),
CCPR/C/21/Rev.1/Add.11, 31 August 2001, para. 4. See also, IACHR, Asencios Lindo et al. v. Peru, Report No. 49/00 of
April 13, 2000, para. 85.
240
First, the Court recalls that there is no dispute between the parties that the initial arrest of Ms. J. occurred on
April 13, 1992. Also, the DINCOTE Detainees Register indicates that Ms. J. left the said center on April 28, 1992 (supra
paras. 80, 82 and 94). That same day, the DINCOTE forwarded police attestation No. 084 to the prosecutor and made Ms.
J. available to him as a detainee for the crime of terrorism, an arrest warrant was issued against Ms. J., and a preliminary
investigation in the ordinary jurisdiction was opened against the presumed victim (supra para. 97). However, there are no
records of where J. was from April 28 to 30, because, according to the records of the Miguel Castro Castro National
Penitentiary Institute, the presumed victim entered this center on April 30, 1992 (supra para. 94). Furthermore, the
representative provided as documentary evidence a sworn statement by Emma Vigueras, the lawyer of others accused in
the same judicial proceeding as the presumed victim, questioning the truth of the contents of the official documents, in
the sense that, on April 28, Ms. J. and the other persons detained in the said proceeding were “still at the DINCOTE and
without the judge [having been] able to make any assessment of the facts. Sworn statement of Emma Vigueras of May 15,
2000 (file of annexes to the motions and arguments brief, annex 2, folio 3010).
241
Cf. Case of Bulacio v. Argentina. Merits, reparations and costs. Judgment of September 18, 2003. Series C No. 100,
para. 129, and Case of Fleury et al. v. Haiti, supra, para. 61.
242
para. 88.
Cf. Case of López Álvarez v. Honduras. Merits, reparations and costs. Judgment of February 1, 2006. Series C No. 141,
243
Cf. Case of Castillo Petruzzi et al. v. Peru. Merits, reparations and costs, supra, paras. 109 to 111. See also, ECHR,
Aksoy v. Turkey, 18 December 1996, § 78, Reports of Judgments and Decisions 1996-VI.
244
Mutatis mutandi, ECHR, Brogan and Others. v. The United Kingdom, 29 November 1988, § 61, Series A No. 145-B;
Brannigan and McBride v. The United Kingdom, 26 May 1993, § 58, Series A no. 258-B, and Aksoy v. Turkey, 18 December
1996, § 78, Reports of Judgments and Decisions 1996-VI.
46
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