However, as the Spanish version of the brief of Caio Fabio Varela and others was presented
with a delay of 34 days, it was declared inadmissible.
16.
On October 4, 5 and 6, 2012, the representatives and the State forwarded their final
written arguments and the Inter-American Commission presented its final written
observations in this case, respectively. These briefs were forwarded to the parties, who
were given until October 17, 2012, to submit any observations they deemed pertinent
regarding the information provided in response to the Court’s questions. Observations were
forwarded by representative Molina. The Inter-American Commission stated that it had no
observations to make. Representative May and the State did not submit observations.
III
PRELIMINARY OBJECTIONS
17.
The State submitted three “preliminary objections”: failure to exhaust domestic
remedies, the fact that the petition presented by Karen Espinoza and Héctor Jiménez was
time-barred, and the Inter-American Court’s lack of competence to hear supervening facts
after the submission of the petition.
A)
Failure to exhaust domestic remedies
18.
The State argued that it had not “waive[d] the filing” of objections. It indicated that
the Constitutional Chamber had “declared unconstitutional a certain type of in vitro
fertilization” and explained that “if the technique advances to the point where it permits it to
be performed without the loss of embryos, it can be used.” Consequently, the State
indicated that “the petitioners could apply both to the constitutional jurisdiction and to the
contentious administrative jurisdiction, so that the possibility that the health services could
treat their infertility could be discussed,” including the possibility of “a particular in vitro
fertilization technique […] under the hypotheses provided by the Constitutional Chamber.”
The State indicated that, in the constitutional jurisdiction, “the existence of the ruling” did
not “prevent the Constitutional Chamber from reviewing the matter by means of an action
of unconstitutionality” given that the Law of Constitutional Jurisdiction states that the
rulings of the said Chamber “are not binding for the Chamber itself, [which] could review
the matter once again.” It added that “the existence of a decision by the Constitutional
Chamber does not preclude a ruling on the part of the Chamber itself,” either “by means of
a constitutional appeal or through the contentious administrative courts.” Furthermore, the
presumed victims “could have requested that the administrative authorities, respecting the
decision of the Constitutional Chamber, provide a remedy for their condition of infertility” or
“create a new regulation” on IVF, “in line with the parameters established by the ruling of
the Constitutional Court.” “If the administrative authorities refused to provide the required
attention,” it would have been appropriate to file an application for amparo. However, “none
of the couples filed” this appeal.
19.
The State further argued that “faced with the refusal of the administrative
authorities, the presumed victims could have initiated a contentious administrative
proceeding”; however, none of them did so before beginning the proceedings before the
Commission. It added that the domestic remedies were “efficient” and that “proof of this is
that one of the presumed victims turned to the contentious administrative court, after the
petition had been filed before the Commission.”
20.
The Commission pointed out that, in the proceedings prior to the admissibility report,
the State merely limited itself to “suggesting the possibility that the [alleged] victims could