9
.
32.
The aforementioned was considered by the Court in its Order of October 18, 2007
(supra para. 8), where it decided that the State’s request did not constitute a preliminary
objection strictly speaking. However, it considered it appropriate to make a decision in this
regard as a prior matter in order to continue processing the case. By virtue of the
considerations stated in the Order itself, and in the light of the elements of judgment it had,
the Court considered the State’s mentioned request inadmissible. However, it analyzed a
request of self-disqualification presented by Judge García-Sayán, with regard to his interest
that “the perception of absolute independence of the Tribunal not be affected in any way
and in order to avoid any distraction to the Tribunal’s attention on matters that tear it away
from hearing the merits of the matters presented to it.” The Court considered it reasonable
to accept the Judge García-Sayán’s request and his self-disqualification.25 Therefore, the
arguments presented by the State, which are not a preliminary objection, were already
solved by the Court in the mentioned Order. Thus, the first preliminary objection filed by
the State is inadmissible.
B) SECOND PRELIMINARY OBJECTION
“Lack of exhaustion of the domestic remedies”.
33.
The State argued that even though the alleged victims have used the domestic
remedies established by the Venezuelan legal system, by turning to the Public Prosecutors’
Office to file the corresponding complaints for the alleged violations to their constitutional
rights, those complaints are subject to their processing in different phases, and therefore,
in any case it would correspond to the courts of justice of Venezuela to issue, when the
time comes, the corresponding decisions. The State argued that the start of the
corresponding investigations on the facts on which the commission of the illicit facts has
been presumed had been expressly ordered in each and every case where the employees of
the private company RCTV appear as possible victims. The State acknowledged that it is its
duty to indicate the domestic remedies that must be exhausted and in this sense it stated
that, pursuant with the stipulations of the Venezuelan Organic Code of Criminal Procedures,
the alleged victims of facts that constitute crimes have at their disposal a set of procedural
remedies to assert their rights, when they consider that the actions carried out by the
Public Prosecutors’ Office constitute a violation of their interests or a failure to comply with
its constitutional and legal duties. Specifically, the State referred to the remedies and the
procedural budgets available to question decisions of dismissal, filing by the prosecutor,
and discontinuance of the case, and argued that none of the alleged victims had filed them,
thus it considers that the domestic remedies have not been exhausted and it requested that
the application be declared inadmissible.
34.
Subsequently, in its final written arguments, the State also argued that in the cases
of alleged verbal attacks (threats, libel and slander) and damages to the property, given
that these are crimes of a private prosecution the alleged victims should have turned
directly to the trial court and legally filed a private accusation, since the Public Prosecutors’
Office is prevented from investigating these crimes ex officio.
Similarly, the State
mentioned, regarding the official speeches broadcasted pursuant with Article 192 of the
Organic Law of Telecommunications, that the alleged victims had the right to resort to the
corresponding jurisdictional bodies to request the nullity of said law, pursuant with the
stipulations of Article 112 of the Organic Law of the Supreme Court of Justice and Article 21
of the Organic Law of the Supreme Tribunal of Justice, an appropriate domestic remedy that
had not been exhausted. Likewise, with regard to the official letters forwarded by the
National Telecommunications Commission (CONATEL) (hereinafter “CONATEL”) to RCTV, the
Upon accepting the excuse presented by Judge Diego García-Sayán, the Court also ordered that the
present case continue to be heard, up to its conclusion, with the composition of the Tribunal that is currently
issuing this Judgment. Cf. Order issued by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights on October 18, 2007.
25