27 77. Over and above the increase in the number of murders of women, the Court has been provided with information on the proportion of women murdered compared to the murder of men, and on the increase in that proportion. The Court has been informed that, between 2001 and 2006, almost 10% of murders were committed against women.77 This percentage is similar to the period from 1986 to 2008,78 or from 2002 to 2012.79 It exceeded 10%, at least in 2003 and 2004, years in which it was in excess of 11% and 12%, respectively.80 Moreover, there is also information that, from 1995 to 2004, the increase in the rate of growth of the murder of women was almost double the increase in the murder of men,81 and that, in 2004, “the number of violent deaths of women had increased by 20[%] more than that of men.”82 78. It has been said that it was mainly in urban areas such as Guatemala City or Escuintla that this type of incident took place,83 and that the women victims generally lived 77 Expert witness María Eugenia Solís García stated that National Civil Police data indicates that, in 2001, there were 2,967 murders, of these 303 involved women and that, in 2006, there were 5,885 murders 602 of which corresponded to women. In other words, according to these figures, the murders of women represented 10.21% of the total in 2001 and 10.22% of the total in 2006. The UNDP has indicated similar, although not identical, figures, stating that, “on average, the percentage of women murdered between 2001 and 2006 has been 9.9%.” United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), Armed Violence Prevention programme of UNDP Guatemala, “Informe estadístico de la violencia en Guatemala,” supra, p. 31, and Expert opinion of María Eugenia Solís García, supra. 78 One report indicates that, based on the “average percentage of murders of men in relation to the total number of murders from […] 1986 to 2008,” “91% of the murders in the country […] relate to the male population.” Conflict Analysis Resource Center (CERAC), “Guatemala en la encrucijada. Panorama de una violencia transformada”, supra, pp. 59 and 106. 79 Expert witness María Eugenia Solís García indicated that, according to information from the Guatemalan National Institute of Forensic Science (INACIF), in the decade between 2002 and 2012, women were victims of 11% of all violent deaths. 80 The UNDP indicated that “[A] sustained growth in the total number of [murders of women] recorded can be noted. In six years […] it has almost doubled, from 303 in 2001 to 603 in 2006, [but] the percentage of [murders of women] in relation to the total number of murders has not increased as greatly as the total frequency. […] The increase in the percentage of murdered women recorded in 2004 (12.4%) is striking.” United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), Armed Violence Prevention programme of UNDP Guatemala, “Informe estadístico de la violencia en Guatemala,” supra, pp. 30 and 31. Amnesty International, in a document dealing with the situation between 2001 and 2005, explained that “[m]en have also been affected by the general level of violence, […] and there has been a significant increase in the murder rate in general.” It also stated that, “according to police data, in 2002, of the total number of murders, 4.5% were women; in 2003, 11.5%, and in 2004, 12.1%.” Amnesty International, “Amnesty International, “Guatemala. No protection, no justice: killings of women,” supra, p. 2. 81 Regarding the connection between the general situation in relation to violent deaths, and the deaths of women, expert witness Ana Carcedo Cabañas indicated an “uncontrolled increase in the number of violent deaths of women, which has meant that the rates increased from somewhat less than 4 for every 100,000 women in 2000, to almost 10 women for every 100,000 in 2006. […] Over this period, the murder of men also increased. However, […] while the murder of men increased by 68% between 1995 and 2004, the murder of women increased by 141%; in other words, such murders are increasing more than twice as fast as the murder of men.” Cf. Expert opinion of Ana Carcedo Cabañas, supra. Similarly, Carcedo, Ana, “No olvidamos ni aceptamos: Femicidio en Centroamérica 2000-2006,” San José, Costa Rica, 2010, p. 41 (file of annexes to the motions and arguments brief, annex 55, fs. 6,313 to 7,320). 82 International Federation for Human Rights. International Investigation Mission, “El femicidio en Mexico y Guatemala”, April 2006 (file of attachments to the Merits Report, annex 34, fs. 358 to 399). This document states: “In Guatemala, over the period from 2000 to 2005, there has been an increase of violent deaths among the general population. [..] Data from the National Civil Police (PNC) reveals that[, in 2004,] while the number of violent deaths of men increased by 36%, that of women grew by 56.8%. This trend has continued in 2005.” 83 Amnesty International, in a document dealing with the situation between 2001 and 2005, stated that most of the murders of women have been committed in urban areas, where violent crime has increased in recent years, often linked to organized crime […] as well as to the activities of bands of street youths known as ‘maras.’” Amnesty International, “Guatemala. No protection, no justice: killings of women”, supra, p. 2. Similarly, regarding the fact that most of the corpses were found on vacant lots near Guatemala City: United Nations Economic and Social Council. Commission on Human Rights sixty-first session, Report of the Special Rapporteur on violence