the facts, followed by the consequences established in pertinent legislation. 11
Moreover, the Inter-American Court has, at other times, underlined the States’
obligation to provide specific protection to persons working in the defense of human
rights.12
32.
In addition, some of the facts carried out
to the detriment of certain
beneficiaries related with the organizations Tlachinollan and OPIM must be specified.
Bearing in mind the temporary nature of the provisional measures and the fact that
they have been extended for almost three years, and in order to assess the need to
keep them in effect for the current members of the OPIM and Tlachinollan, it is
essential for the representatives to forward detailed and updated information on the
circumstances of risk to the life and personal integrity of these persons. Specifically,
and beyond what has already been reported, the representatives must forward detailed
supporting information about: (a) the threats that each of these beneficiaries suffered,
and (b) the relationship between these facts and the grounds justifying the adoption of
the instant provisional measures at that time, in order to fulfill the requirements for
maintaining these measures in effect.
33.
From the foregoing, the Court considers it appropriate to keep the provisional
measures in effect. Based on those measures, the State has the obligation to protect
the life and personal integrity of: (a) Obtilia Eugenio Manuel and her next of kin,
declared beneficiaries of the instant measures at the appropriate opportunity; (b) Inés
Fernández Ortega and her next of kin, declared beneficiaries of the instant measures
at the appropriate opportunity; (c) the members of Organización del Pueblo Indígena
Tlapaneco A.C., declared beneficiaries of the instant measures at the appropriate
opportunity;13 and (d) the 18 members of the Centro de Derechos Humanos de la
Montaña Tlachinollan A.C.14
11
Cf. Case of Velásquez Rodríguez. Provisional Measures with regard to Honduras. Order of the Court
of January 15, 1988, third considering paragraph, and Matter of the Guatemalan Forensic Anthropology
Foundation. Provisional Measures with regard to Guatemala. Order of the Inter-American Court of Human
Rights of February 22, 2011, forty-first considering paragraph.
12
Cf. Matter of Monagas Judicial Confinement Center ("La Pica”). Provisional Measures with regard to
Venezuela. Order of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights of February 9, 2006, fourteenth considering
paragraph, and Case of Fernández Ortega et al. Provisional Measures with regard to Mexico. Order of the InterAmerican Court of Human Rights of November 23, 2010, tenth considering paragraph.
13
The 41 members of the Organización del Pueblo Indígena Tlapaneco who are beneficiaries of these
provisional measures are: Victoriano Eugenio Manuel, Gabino Eugenio Manuel, Juan Remigio Guzmán, Raúl
Hernández Abundio, Rafael Rodríguez Dircio, Severo Eugenio Remigio, Manuel Cruz Victoriano, Orlando
Manzanares Lorenzo, Natalio Ortega Cruz, Romualdo Santiago Enedina, Braulio Manzanares Lorenzo, José
Eugenio Cruz, Félix Ortega Dolores, Merced Santiago Lorenzo, Arturo Cruz Ortega, Leopoldo Eugenio Manuel,
Ubaldo Santiago Eugenio, Arnulfo Cruz Concepción, Silverio Remigio Guzmán, Crisóforo Manzanares Lorenzo,
Taurino Fernández Santiago, Ocotlán Fernández Ortega, Mauricio Cruz Morales, Viviano García Santiago,
Julio Bolanos Santiago, José Espinoza Eugenio, Ramón Ortega Cruz, Virgilio Cruz Ortega, Victoriano Ortega
Cruz, Marcelino Santiago Flores, Justino García Santiago, Crispín Santiago González, Natalio Eugenio
Catarino, Fausto Santiago González, Leopoldo Eugenio Rufina, Vicente Díaz Luciano, Socimo Manuel Sierra,
Santiago Manuel Sierra, Ramiro Flor Cresencio, Milenio Flores de Jesús and Romualdo Eugenio Estrada.
14
The 18 members of Tlapaneco who are beneficiaries of these provisional measures are: Abel
Barrera Hernández, Alejandro Ramos Gallegos, Armando Campos Ochoa, Epifania Ramírez Arias, Eulogia
Flores Vázquez, Gabino Santiago Jiménez, Isidoro Vicario Aguilar, Margarita Nemecio Nemesio, Matilde Pérez
Romero, Neil Arias Vitinio, Odilia Alatorre Villavicencio, Olivia Arce Bautista, Paulino Rodríguez Reyes,
Roberto Gamboa Vázquez, Vidulfo Rosales Sierra, Fidela Hernández Vargas, Juan Castro Castro and Rogelio
Téliz García.
12